使用swift和API进行POST

Question

当我尝试向我的服务器上的API发送POST请求时,我遇到了一个问题,我已经遵循了许多不同的教程,但它仍然无法正常工作.我知道我的问题与POST请求有关但我无法解决!所以这是我在Swift中的代码和我在PHP中的API :(是的,我已经用代码中的真实ID替换了xxxx)

总结服务器接收请求,例如,如果我手动输入伪工作,它真的是POST方法谁不工作..服务器没有收到POST参数

SWIFT代码 :

var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: "http://localhost:8888/academy/test.php")!)
    var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
    request.HTTPMethod = "POST"

    var params = ["pseudo":"test"] as Dictionary<String, String>

    var err: NSError?
    request.HTTPBody = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(params, options: nil, error: &err)
    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

    var task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
        println("Response: \(response)")
        var strData = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
        println("Body: \(strData)")
        var err: NSError?
        var json = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: .MutableLeaves, error: &err) as? NSDictionary

        // Did the JSONObjectWithData constructor return an error? If so, log the error to the console
        if(err != nil) {
            println(err!.localizedDescription)
            let jsonStr = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
            println("Error could not parse JSON: '\(jsonStr)'")
        }
        else {
            // The JSONObjectWithData constructor didn't return an error. But, we should still
            // check and make sure that json has a value using optional binding.
            if let parseJSON = json {
                // Okay, the parsedJSON is here, let's get the value for 'success' out of it
                var success = parseJSON["success"] as? Int
                println("Succes: \(success)")
            }
            else {
                // Woa, okay the json object was nil, something went worng. Maybe the server isn't running?
                let jsonStr = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
                println("Error could not parse JSON: \(jsonStr)")
            }
        }
    })
    task.resume()*/

PHP代码:

$BDD_hote = 'xxxxx';
$BDD_bd = 'xxxxx';
$BDD_utilisateur = 'xxxxx';
$BDD_mot_passe = 'xxxxx';

try{
$bdd = new PDO('mysql:host='.$BDD_hote.';dbname='.$BDD_bd, $BDD_utilisateur, $BDD_mot_passe);
$bdd->exec("SET CHARACTER SET utf8");
$bdd->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING);
}

catch(PDOException $e){
echo 'Erreur : '.$e->getMessage();
echo 'N° : '.$e->getCode();
}
$pseudo = addslashes($_POST["pseudo"]);
$req = $bdd->query("SELECT * from users WHERE pseudo='$pseudo'");
$resultArray = array();
$donnees = $req->fetch();
echo json_encode($donnees);

先谢谢:)

Answer 1

正如其他人所指出的那样,请求的编码并不完全正确.你的服务器代码不期待JSON请求,而是使用$_POST变量(这意味着该请求应该具有Content-Type的application/x-www-form-urlencoded).这就是你应该创造的东西.例如在Swift 3及更高版本中:

var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"

let parameters = ["somekey" : "valueforkey"]
request.setContent(with: parameters)

let task = session.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
    guard let data = data, error == nil else {
        print(error ?? "Unknown error")
        return
    }
    // your response parsing code here
}
task.resume()

该setContent方法将采用表单的字典["key1": "foo", "key2" : "bar"]并httpBody使用看起来像的东西填充key1=foo&key2=bar.如果这样做,服务器将能够解析$_POST请求.

extension URLRequest {
    /// Set body and header for x-www-form-urlencoded request
    ///
    /// - Parameter parameters: Simple string dictionary of parameters to be encoded in body of request

    mutating func setContent(with parameters: [String: String]) {
        setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")

        let array = parameters.map { entry -> String in
            let key = entry.key.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed)!
            let value = entry.value.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed)!
            return key + "=" + value
        }
        httpBody = array.joined(separator: "&").data(using: .utf8)!
    }
}

注意,这也对值进行了百分比编码(并且,以防万一),这也很关键.而另一些人建议使用addingPercentEncoding与.urlQueryAllowed可悲的是不会做的工作,因为这会让某些保留字符(特别是+)通过转义.大多数Web服务将解释+为一个空间,在与一致性的x-www-form-urlencoded规范.因此,采用Alamofire采用的方法,我定义了一个字符集,它将使用各种分隔符对值进行编码:

extension CharacterSet {

    /// Returns the character set for characters allowed in the individual parameters within a query URL component.
    ///
    /// The query component of a URL is the component immediately following a question mark (?).
    /// For example, in the URL `http://www.example.com/index.php?key1=value1#jumpLink`, the query
    /// component is `key1=value1`. The individual parameters of that query would be the key `key1`
    /// and its associated value `value1`.
    ///
    /// According to RFC 3986, the set of unreserved characters includes
    ///
    /// `ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"`
    ///
    /// In section 3.4 of the RFC, it further recommends adding `/` and `?` to the list of unescaped characters
    /// for the sake of compatibility with some erroneous implementations, so this routine also allows those
    /// to pass unescaped.

    static var urlQueryValueAllowed: CharacterSet = {
        let generalDelimitersToEncode = ":#[]@"    // does not include "?" or "/" due to RFC 3986 - Section 3.4
        let subDelimitersToEncode = "!$&'()*+,;="

        var allowed = CharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
        allowed.remove(charactersIn: generalDelimitersToEncode + subDelimitersToEncode)
        return allowed
    }()
}

对于Swift 2的演绎,请参阅此答案的上一版本.

Answer 2

试试这个:

 let myURL = NSURL(string: "http://localhost:8888/academy/test.php")! 
 let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: myURL)
 request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
 request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
 request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
 let bodyStr:String = "pseudo=test"
 request.HTTPBody = bodyStr.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding) 
 let task = NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithRequest(request) {
      data, response, error in

      // Your completion handler code here
 }
 task.resume()

您必须使用UTF8字符串编码对数据进行编码.如果需要为请求正文设置多个字段和值对,则可以更改正文字符串,例如"pseudo = test&language = swift".实际上,我通常会为NSMutableURLRequest创建一个扩展,并添加一个方法,该方法将字典作为参数,并使用正确的编码将此地图(字典)的内容设置为HTTPBody.这可能对你有用:

 extension NSMutableURLRequest {
      func setBodyContent(contentMap: Dictionary<String, String>) {
           var firstOneAdded = false
           let contentKeys:Array<String> = Array(contentMap.keys)
           for contentKey in contentKeys {
                if(!firstOneAdded) {
                     contentBodyAsString += contentKey + "=" + contentMap[contentKey]!
                     firstOneAdded = true
                }
                else {
                     contentBodyAsString += "&" + contentKey + "=" + contentMap[contentKey]! 
                }
           }
           contentBodyAsString = contentBodyAsString.stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
           self.HTTPBody = contentBodyAsString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
      }
 }

你可以用它作为:

request.setBodyContent(params)

我希望这可以帮助你!