在Ruby中转换为DateTime和Time

Question

如何在Ruby中的DateTime和Time对象之间进行转换？

Answer 1

require 'time'
require 'date'

t = Time.now
d = DateTime.now

dd = DateTime.parse(t.to_s)
tt = Time.parse(d.to_s)

Answer 2

作为一个更新的Ruby生态系统的状态Date,DateTime而Time现在有方法的各种类之间的转换.使用Ruby 1.9.2+:

pry
[1] pry(main)> ts = 'Jan 1, 2000 12:01:01'
=> "Jan 1, 2000 12:01:01"
[2] pry(main)> require 'time'
=> true
[3] pry(main)> require 'date'
=> true
[4] pry(main)> ds = Date.parse(ts)
=> #<Date: 2000-01-01 (4903089/2,0,2299161)>
[5] pry(main)> ds.to_date
=> #<Date: 2000-01-01 (4903089/2,0,2299161)>
[6] pry(main)> ds.to_datetime
=> #<DateTime: 2000-01-01T00:00:00+00:00 (4903089/2,0,2299161)>
[7] pry(main)> ds.to_time
=> 2000-01-01 00:00:00 -0700
[8] pry(main)> ds.to_time.class
=> Time
[9] pry(main)> ds.to_datetime.class
=> DateTime
[10] pry(main)> ts = Time.parse(ts)
=> 2000-01-01 12:01:01 -0700
[11] pry(main)> ts.class
=> Time
[12] pry(main)> ts.to_date
=> #<Date: 2000-01-01 (4903089/2,0,2299161)>
[13] pry(main)> ts.to_date.class
=> Date
[14] pry(main)> ts.to_datetime
=> #<DateTime: 2000-01-01T12:01:01-07:00 (211813513261/86400,-7/24,2299161)>
[15] pry(main)> ts.to_datetime.class
=> DateTime

Answer 3

您需要两次稍有不同的转换.

要转换 Time 为 DateTime您可以修改Time类,如下所示:

require 'date'
class Time
  def to_datetime
    # Convert seconds + microseconds into a fractional number of seconds
    seconds = sec + Rational(usec, 10**6)

    # Convert a UTC offset measured in minutes to one measured in a
    # fraction of a day.
    offset = Rational(utc_offset, 60 * 60 * 24)
    DateTime.new(year, month, day, hour, min, seconds, offset)
  end
end

对Date的类似调整将允许您转换 DateTime 为 Time .

class Date
  def to_gm_time
    to_time(new_offset, :gm)
  end

  def to_local_time
    to_time(new_offset(DateTime.now.offset-offset), :local)
  end

  private
  def to_time(dest, method)
    #Convert a fraction of a day to a number of microseconds
    usec = (dest.sec_fraction * 60 * 60 * 24 * (10**6)).to_i
    Time.send(method, dest.year, dest.month, dest.day, dest.hour, dest.min,
              dest.sec, usec)
  end
end

请注意,您必须在本地时间和GM/UTC时间之间进行选择.

以上代码片段均取自O'Reilly的Ruby Cookbook.他们的代码重用策略允许这样.

Answer 4

不幸的是,DateTime.to_time, Time.to_datetime和Time.parse函数不保留时区信息.转换期间,所有内容都会转换为本地时区.日期算术仍然有效,但您将无法使用原始时区显示日期.上下文信息通常很重要.例如,如果我想看到在纽约工作时间执行的交易,我可能更愿意看到它们显示在原始时区,而不是我在澳大利亚的当地时区(比纽约提前12小时).

下面的转换方法确实保留了tz信息.

对于Ruby 1.8,请看Gordon Wilson的答案.这是来自古老可靠的Ruby Cookbook.

对于Ruby 1.9,它稍微容易一些.

require 'date'

# Create a date in some foreign time zone (middle of the Atlantic)
d = DateTime.new(2010,01,01, 10,00,00, Rational(-2, 24))
puts d

# Convert DateTime to Time, keeping the original timezone
t = Time.new(d.year, d.month, d.day, d.hour, d.min, d.sec, d.zone)
puts t

# Convert Time to DateTime, keeping the original timezone
d = DateTime.new(t.year, t.month, t.day, t.hour, t.min, t.sec, Rational(t.gmt_offset / 3600, 24))
puts d

这将打印以下内容

2010-01-01T10:00:00-02:00
2010-01-01 10:00:00 -0200
2010-01-01T10:00:00-02:00

保留包含时区的完整原始日期时间信息.