如果类有引用类型成员java,你如何实现相等和hashCode方法？

Question

我试图实现以下示例来覆盖相等和hashCode方法,如果类具有引用类型成员但没有运气.任何帮助将受到高度赞赏.提前感谢你们..

     class Point{
    private int x, y;
    Point (int x, int y)
    {
        this.x =x;
        this.y = y;
    }

} 


class Circle 
{
    int radius; 
    Point point ;

    Circle(int x, int y, int radius)
    {
        point = new Point (x ,y);
        this.radius = radius;
    }



    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object arg) {

        if(arg == null) return false;
        if(arg == this) return true;
        if(arg instanceof Circle) 
        {
            if(this.point ==((Circle) arg).point && this.radius == ((Circle)           arg).radius)
            {
                return true;
            }

        } 


        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {

        return point.hashCode() ^ this.radius;
    }

}


public class TestClass{

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        Set<Circle> circle = new HashSet<> ();
        circle.add(new Circle(10,20,40));

        System.out.println(circle.contains(new Circle(10,20,40))); //
    }

}

**************************编辑版,由Alnitak建议*****************

现在我确实得到了预期的结果"true"表示相等,"false"表示不相等的对象.但是当对象值不相等时,不会执行Circle等于方法中的print语句.我不知道我错过了什么,虽然我得到了与非平等对象一样的"假"的相等结果.

 class Point{
    private int x, y;
    Point (int x, int y)
    {
        this.x =x;
        this.y = y;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object arg) {
        if(arg == null ) return false;
        if(arg== this) return true;
        if(arg instanceof Point)
        {
            Point p = (Point) arg;
            if(p.x == x && p.y == y )
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;

    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {

        return (this.x*1124739) ^ (this.y*95);
    }

} 


class Circle 
{
    int radius; 
    Point point ;

    Circle(int x, int y, int radius)
    {

        System.out.println("Circle object created x= " + x);
        point = new Point (x ,y);
        this.radius = radius;
    }



    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object arg) {

        if(arg == null) return false;
        if(arg == this) return true;
        if(arg instanceof Circle)   
        {
            System.out.println("checking circles objects for equality "); 
            // Doesn't get printed when circle objects values are not equal

            Circle c = (Circle) arg;
            return (point.equals(c.point) && radius == c.radius);

        } 


        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {

        return point.hashCode() ^ this.radius *37;
    }

}


public class TestClass{

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        Set<Circle> circle = new HashSet<> ();
        circle.add(new Circle(10,20,40));

        System.out.println(circle.contains(new Circle(11,20,40))); //
    }

}

Answer 1

您现有的Circle.equals()方法仅检查引用相等性,而不检查值相等性.它总是会失败,因为每个Circle包含一个新构造的Point对象,该对象对于该实例是唯一的.

您应该创建一个适当的hashCode和equals该方法的Point类.

在Circle类中,您可以使用它Point.equals()来检查保持引用的值相等性,例如:

public boolean equals(Object arg) {
    if (arg == null) return false; 
    if (arg == this) return true;
    if (arg instanceof Circle) {
        Circle c = (Circle)arg;
        return radius == c.radius && point.equals(c.point);
    }
    return false;
}

对于Circle哈希码,一个简单的选择是xor使用Point的哈希码生成本地哈希码.