Tim*_*nov 20 interface type-conversion go
我读过"Effective Go"和其他问答:golang界面兼容性编译类型检查,但是我无法正确理解如何使用这种技术.
请看例子:
type Somether interface {
Method() bool
}
type MyType string
func (mt MyType) Method2() bool {
return true
}
func main() {
val := MyType("hello")
//here I want to get bool if my value implements Somether
_, ok := val.(Somether)
//but val must be interface, hm..what if I want explicit type?
//yes, here is another method:
var _ Iface = (*MyType)(nil)
//but it throws compile error
//it would be great if someone explain the notation above, looks weird
}
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是否有任何简单的方法(例如,不使用反射)检查值,如果它实现了一个接口?
Dea*_*baz 26
如果您不知道值的类型,则只需检查值是否实现接口.如果类型已知,则该检查由编译器自动完成.
如果你真的想要检查,你可以使用你给出的第二种方法:
var _ Somether = (*MyType)(nil)
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在编译时会出错:
prog.go:23: cannot use (*MyType)(nil) (type *MyType) as type Somether in assignment:
*MyType does not implement Somether (missing Method method)
[process exited with non-zero status]
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你在这里做的是将MyType类型(和nil值)的指针分配给类型的变量Somether,但由于变量名称_被忽略.
如果MyType实现Somether,它将编译并不执行任何操作
小智 15
以下将起作用:
val:=MyType("hello")
var i interface{}=val
v, ok:=i.(Somether)
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It is also possible to use Implements(u Type) bool method of reflect.Type in the following way:
package main
import (
"reflect"
)
type Somether interface {
Method() bool
}
type MyType string
func (mt MyType) Method() bool {
return true
}
func main() {
inter := reflect.TypeOf((*Somether)(nil)).Elem()
if reflect.TypeOf(MyType("")).Implements(inter) {
print("implements")
} else {
print("doesn't")
}
}
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You can read more on that in the documentation.
小智 9
你也可以采用Alpha的解决方案:
val := MyType("hello")
var i interface{} = val
v, ok := i.(Somether)
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...并进一步减少它:
val := MyType("hello")
v, ok := interface{}(val).(Somether)
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如果您尝试测试一次性方法,您甚至可以执行以下操作:
val := MyType("hello")
v, ok := interface{}(val).(interface {
Method() bool
})
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注意:确保您对“指针接收器”与“值接收器”实现非常小心。如果实现使用指针,则在传入值对象时断言将失败。如果实现使用值接收器,则两个断言都将通过。
// Implement Somether as a POINTER receiver method
func (mt *MyType) Method() bool {
return true
}
func main() {
val := MyType("hello")
v, ok := interface{}(val).(Somether)
fmt.Println(v, ok)
// Output: <nil> false
// Notice the pass by reference
v, ok := interface{}(&val).(Somether)
fmt.Println(v, ok)
// Output: 0xc000010200 true
}
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相对
// Implement Somether as a VALUE receiver method
func (mt MyType) Method() bool {
return true
}
func main() {
val := MyType("hello")
v, ok := interface{}(val).(Somether)
fmt.Println(v, ok)
// Output: hello true
// Notice the pass by reference
v, ok := interface{}(&val).(Somether)
fmt.Println(v, ok)
// Output: 0xc00008e1e0 true
}
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