如何将来自Web服务的重音字符存储到数据库中？

Question

我通过网络服务获取以下字样:André

从Python,值看起来像:"Andr\u00c3\u00a9".然后使用json.loads以下方法解码输入:

>>> import json
>>> json.loads('{"name":"Andr\\u00c3\\u00a9"}')
>>> {u'name': u'Andr\xc3\xa9'}

当我将上述内容存储在utf8 MySQL数据库中时,使用Django将数据存储如下:

SomeObject.objects.create(name=u'Andr\xc3\xa9')

从mysql shell查询name列或在网页中显示它给出: André

网页显示在utf8中:

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

我的数据库在utf8中配置:

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | 
| collation_database   | utf8_unicode_ci | 
| collation_server     | utf8_unicode_ci | 
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       | 
| character_set_connection | utf8                       | 
| character_set_database   | utf8                       | 
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     | 
| character_set_results    | utf8                       | 
| character_set_server     | utf8                       | 
| character_set_system     | utf8                       | 
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

如何从Web服务中检索André这个词,将其正确存储在没有数据丢失的数据库中,并以原始形式显示在网页上？

Answer 1

故障已经存在于传递给json.loads()的字符串中.\ u00c3是"A tilde",\ 00a9是版权符号.正确的é将是\ u00e9.

该字符串可能由发送方以UTF-8编码,并由接收方解码为ISO-8859-1.

例如,如果您运行以下Python脚本:

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-

import json

data = {'name': u'André'}
print('data: {0}'.format(repr(data)))

code = json.dumps(data)
print('code: {0}'.format(repr(code)))

conv = json.loads(code)
print('conv: {0}'.format(repr(conv)))

name = conv['name']
print(u'Name is {0}'.format(name))

输出应如下所示:

data: {'name': u'Andr\xe9'}
code: '{"name": "Andr\\u00e9"}'
conv: {u'name': u'Andr\xe9'}
Name is André

在Python 2.x中管理unicode有时会成为麻烦.不幸的是,Django还不支持Python 3.