每当Rails中的cron作业失败并且'生产'时,数据库都没有配置错误

Question

在我的Rails应用程序中,每当gem运行Sideqik任务时我都会使用它.当我在rails控制台中手动运行该命令时,它可以工作.但是每当cron因以下错误而失败时:它会在日志中不断重复.我怎样才能解决这个问题？问题是什么？

/home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:248:in `resolve_symbol_connection': 'production' database is not configured. Available: ["development", "test"] (ActiveRecord::AdapterNotSpecified)
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:211:in `resolve_connection'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:139:in `resolve'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:169:in `spec'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:116:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:226:in `block in tsort_each'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:348:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:427:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:347:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `call'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:224:in `tsort_each'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
    from /home/pubudu/Projects/istockseller/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application.rb:143:in `serve'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application.rb:131:in `block in run'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application.rb:125:in `loop'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application.rb:125:in `run'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/spring-1.2.0/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from /home/pubudu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.5/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'

Answer 1

您遇到此错误,因为未正确配置生产设置以连接到您的数据库.从Rails控制台运行命令时,您将连接到开发环境,但您的cron作业正在生产环境中运行.

Rails有3个内置环境.主要区别在于每个都有自己的数据库,但也存在其他差异.

• 生产,用于代码运行时.此环境执行大量缓存,并且不向用户显示开发错误消息.
• 开发,用于构建应用程序.这是默认环境,是您花费大部分时间的环境.
• 测试,用于运行自动化测试.这是独立的主要原因是您的测试套件可以在每次测试运行时清空并重新创建数据库.这使您的测试更具可重复性,并阻止意外测试运行破坏您的开发数据库.

大多数情况下,这些是通过文件配置的config/environments.数据库连接配置config/database.yml-你会发现YAML键development,production和test在那里.在Rails的指南大约有配置应用程序的更多细节.

您可以通过以下方式查找正在运行的环境Rails.env.例如:

user@foo $ rails c
Loading development environment (Rails 4.1.1)
irb(main):001:0> Rails.env
"development"

您可以通过RAILS_ENVshell环境变量强制命令在给定环境中运行:

user@foo $ RAILS_ENV=production rails c
Loading production environment (Rails 4.1.1)
irb(main):001:0> Rails.env
"production"

要解决您的问题,您有两种选择:

1. 强制您的cron命令在开发环境中运行.听起来您的应用程序正在开发环境中运行(因为它可以在控制台中运行,并且您没有配置生产数据库).因此,强制cron作业在开发环境中运行应该解决这个问题.你可以通过设置RAILS_ENV我们在上面看到的变量直接在你的cronjob中设置它,但是只要你允许你在命令行或你的下面指定环境schedule.rb:

   set :environment, "development"
   

2. 修复您的应用以在生产中运行.如果您的应用程序是活动的,它确实应该在生产环境中运行.它会更快,更安全 - 并且在开发新功能时让你搞砸了,而不会有破坏用户使用的东西的风险.您必须设置数据库,并且必须在生产中测试您的应用程序.这样做的最佳方式因平台而异; 这个Stack Overflow问题对各种选项有很好的总结.