在lodash中有一个函数来替换匹配的项目

Question

我想知道在lodash中是否有一个更简单的方法来替换JavaScript集合中的项目？(可能重复,但我不明白那里的答案:)

我看了他们的文档但找不到任何东西

我的代码是:

var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
// Can following code be reduced to something like _.XX(arr, {id:1}, {id:1, name: "New Name"});
_.each(arr, function(a, idx){
  if(a.id === 1){
    arr[idx] = {id:1, name: "Person New Name"};
    return false;
  }
});

_.each(arr, function(a){
  document.write(a.name);
});

更新: 我正在尝试替换的对象有许多属性,如

{id:1,Prop1:...,Prop2:...,依此类推}

解:

感谢dfsq,但我在lodash中找到了一个合适的解决方案,似乎工作正常并且非常整洁,我把它放在mixin中,因为我在很多地方都有这个要求.JSBin

var update = function(arr, key, newval) {
  var match = _.find(arr, key);
  if(match)
    _.merge(match, newval);
  else
    arr.push(newval);    
};

_.mixin({ '$update': update });

var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];

_.$update(arr, {id:1}, {id:1, name: "New Val"});


document.write(JSON.stringify(arr));

更快的解决方案 正如@dfsq所指出的,以下方法更快

var upsert = function (arr, key, newval) {
    var match = _.find(arr, key);
    if(match){
        var index = _.indexOf(arr, _.find(arr, key));
        arr.splice(index, 1, newval);
    } else {
        arr.push(newval);
    }
};

Answer 1

在您的情况下,您需要做的就是在数组中查找对象并使用Array.prototype.splice方法:

var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];

// Find item index using _.findIndex (thanks @AJ Richardson for comment)
var index = _.findIndex(arr, {id: 1});

// Replace item at index using native splice
arr.splice(index, 1, {id: 100, name: 'New object.'});

// "console.log" result
document.write(JSON.stringify( arr ));

<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/2.4.1/lodash.min.js"></script>

Answer 2

似乎最简单的解决方案是使用ES6 .map或lodash _.map:

var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];

// lodash
var newArr = _.map(arr, function(a) {
  return a.id === 1 ? {id: 1, name: "Person New Name"} : a;
});

// ES6
var newArr = arr.map(function(a) {
  return a.id === 1 ? {id: 1, name: "Person New Name"} : a;
});

这具有避免改变原始数组的良好效果.

Answer 3

function findAndReplace(arr, find, replace) {
  let i;
  for(i=0; i < arr.length && arr[i].id != find.id; i++) {}
  i < arr.length ? arr[i] = replace : arr.push(replace);
}

现在让我们测试所有方法的性能:

// TC's first approach
function first(arr, a, b) {
  _.each(arr, function (x, idx) {
    if (x.id === a.id) {
      arr[idx] = b;
      return false;
    }
  });
}

// solution with merge
function second(arr, a, b) {
  const match = _.find(arr, a);
  if (match) {
    _.merge(match, b);
  } else {
    arr.push(b);
  }
}

// most voted solution
function third(arr, a, b) {
  const match = _.find(arr, a);
  if (match) {
    var index = _.indexOf(arr, _.find(arr, a));
    arr.splice(index, 1, b);
  } else {
    arr.push(b);
  }
}

// my approach
function fourth(arr, a, b){
  let l;
  for(l=0; l < arr.length && arr[l].id != a.id; l++) {}
  l < arr.length ? arr[l] = b : arr.push(b);
}

function test(fn, times, el) {
  const arr = [], size = 250;
  for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    arr[i] = {id: i, name: `name_${i}`, test: "test"};
  }

  let start = Date.now();
  _.times(times, () => {
    const id = Math.round(Math.random() * size);
    const a = {id};
    const b = {id, name: `${id}_name`};
    fn(arr, a, b);
  });
  el.innerHTML = Date.now() - start;
}

test(first, 1e5, document.getElementById("first"));
test(second, 1e5, document.getElementById("second"));
test(third, 1e5, document.getElementById("third"));
test(fourth, 1e5, document.getElementById("fourth"));

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/4.14.1/lodash.min.js"></script>
<div>
  <ol>
    <li><b id="first"></b> ms [TC's first approach]</li>
    <li><b id="second"></b> ms [solution with merge]</li>
    <li><b id="third"></b> ms [most voted solution]</li>
    <li><b id="fourth"></b> ms [my approach]</li>
  </ol>
<div>

Answer 4

[ES6]此代码适用于我.

let result = array.map(item => item.id === updatedItem.id ? updatedItem : item)

Answer 5

您还可以使用findIndex和pick来实现相同的结果:

  var arr  = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
  var data = {id: 2, name: 'Person 2 (updated)'};
  var index = _.findIndex(arr, _.pick(data, 'id'));
  if( index !== -1) {
    arr.splice(index, 1, data);
  } else {
    arr.push(data);
  }

Answer 6

如果你只是想更换一个属性，lodash_.find和_.set应该足够：

var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];

_.set(_.find(arr, {id: 1}), 'name', 'New Person');

Answer 7

随着时间的流逝，您应该采用一种更具功能性的方法，在这种方法中，您应该避免数据突变并编写小的，单一责任的函数。与ECMAScript 6个标准，你可以在JavaScript中享受函数式编程范式与所提供的map，filter和reduce方法。您不需要其他破折号，下划线或其他可以执行大多数基本操作的内容。

下面，我提供了一些针对此问题的建议解决方案，以展示如何使用不同的语言功能来解决此问题：

使用ES6地图：

const replace = predicate => replacement => element =>
  predicate(element) ? replacement : element
 
const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const predicate = element => element.id === 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }

const result = arr.map(replace (predicate) (replacement))
console.log(result)

递归版本-等效的映射：

需要解构和数组扩展。

const replace = predicate => replacement =>
{
  const traverse = ([head, ...tail]) =>
    head
    ? [predicate(head) ? replacement : head, ...tail]
    : []
  return traverse
}
 
const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const predicate = element => element.id === 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }

const result = replace (predicate) (replacement) (arr)
console.log(result)

当最终数组的顺序不重要时，可以将其object用作HashMap数据结构。如果您已经将键集合用作，则非常方便object-否则，您必须先更改表示形式。

需要对象剩余散布，计算的属性名称和Object.entries。

const replace = key => ({id, ...values}) => hashMap =>
({
  ...hashMap,       //original HashMap
  [key]: undefined, //delete the replaced value
  [id]: values      //assign replacement
})

// HashMap <-> array conversion
const toHashMapById = array =>
  array.reduce(
    (acc, { id, ...values }) => 
    ({ ...acc, [id]: values })
  , {})
  
const toArrayById = hashMap =>
  Object.entries(hashMap)
  .filter( // filter out undefined values
    ([_, value]) => value 
  ) 
  .map(
    ([id, values]) => ({ id, ...values })
  )

const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const replaceKey = 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }

// Create a HashMap from the array, treating id properties as keys
const hashMap = toHashMapById(arr)
console.log(hashMap)

// Result of replacement - notice an undefined value for replaced key
const resultHashMap = replace (replaceKey) (replacement) (hashMap)
console.log(resultHashMap)

// Final result of conversion from the HashMap to an array
const result = toArrayById (resultHashMap)
console.log(result)

Answer 8

也遇到了这个，并简单地这样做了。

const persons = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
const updatedPerson = {id: 1, name: "new Person Name"}
const updatedPersons = persons.map(person => (
  person.id === updated.id
    ? updatedPerson
    : person
))

如果需要的话我们可以概括它

const replaceWhere = (list, predicate, replacement) => {
  return list.map(item => predicate(item) ? replacement : item)
}

replaceWhere(persons, person => person.id === updatedPerson.id, updatedPerson)