convert:不符合图形原语定义`text'

Question

ImageMagick提供以下命令作为如何在图像上绘制文本的示例:

convert -size 250x50 xc:none  -box white  -pointsize 20 -gravity center \
      -draw 'text 0,0 "  '\''  \"  $  \\  " ' \
      -trim +repage  text_special_sd.gif

当我运行此代码时,我收到此错误:

convert:不符合图形的原始定义`text'@ error/draw.c/DrawImage/3192.

我实际想要运行的命令如下,但它给出了同样的错误:

convert /tmp/tmpGRaZKy -fill none -stroke chartreuse -strokewidth 2 \
-draw "rectangle 221,155,256,191"  -pointsize 17 -fill chartreuse \
-draw "text 20%,20% 'Score:0.84'" /Users/rose/home/video-object-detection/data/imagenet/n07840804/annotated/lbzhyvH74w8_10000/10000_99.jpg

这篇SO帖子中的建议没有解决问题.

我在Mac上.我在网上找到的答案通常建议在-draw之后尝试使用单引号和双引号的不同组合,但我想我已经尝试了所有这些.

这是输出convert -version:

Version: ImageMagick 6.8.9-7 Q16 x86_64 2014-08-31 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2014 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: DPC Modules
Delegates: bzlib freetype jng jpeg ltdl lzma png xml zlib

这是输出convert -list configure:

Path: /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib/ImageMagick//config-Q16/configure.xml

Name           Value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC             clang
CFLAGS         -I/usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.5.3_1/include/freetype2 -g -O2 -Wall -march=core2 -fexceptions -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0 -D_THREAD_SAFE -pthread -DMAGICKCORE_HDRI_ENABLE=0 -DMAGICKCORE_QUANTUM_DEPTH=16
CODER_PATH     /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib/ImageMagick/modules-Q16/coders
CONFIGURE      ./configure  '--disable-osx-universal-binary' '--prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7' '--disable-dependency-tracking' '--enable-shared' '--disable-static' '--without-pango' '--with-modules' '--disable-openmp' '--without-gslib' '--without-perl' '--with-gs-font-dir=/usr/local/share/ghostscript/fonts' '--without-openjp2' '--without-x' '--with-freetype=yes' 'CC=clang' 'CXX=clang++'
CONFIGURE_PATH /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/etc/ImageMagick-6/
COPYRIGHT      Copyright (C) 1999-2014 ImageMagick Studio LLC
CPPFLAGS       -I/usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/include/ImageMagick-6
CXX            clang++
CXXFLAGS       -g -O2 -D_THREAD_SAFE -pthread
DEFS           -DHAVE_CONFIG_H
DELEGATES      bzlib mpeg freetype jng jpeg lzma png xml zlib
DISTCHECK_CONFIG_FLAGS 'CC=clang' 'CXX=clang++' --disable-deprecated --with-quantum-depth=16 --with-umem=no --with-autotrace=no --with-gslib=no --with-fontpath= --with-gs-font-dir=/usr/local/share/ghostscript/fonts --with-gvc=no --with-openjp2=no --with-pango=no --with-rsvg=no --with-wmf=no --with-perl=no
DOCUMENTATION_PATH /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/share/doc/ImageMagick-6
EXEC-PREFIX    /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7
EXECUTABLE_PATH /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/bin
FEATURES       DPC Modules
FILTER_PATH    /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib/ImageMagick/modules-Q16/filters
HOST           x86_64-apple-darwin13.3.0
INCLUDE_PATH   /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/include/ImageMagick-6
LDFLAGS        -L/usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib -L/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk/usr/lib
LIB_VERSION    0x689
LIB_VERSION_NUMBER 6,8,9,7
LIBRARY_PATH   /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib/ImageMagick
LIBS           -L/usr/local/Cellar/freetype/2.5.3_1/lib -lfreetype -L/usr/local/Cellar/xz/5.0.5/lib -llzma -lbz2 -lz -lltdl -lm
NAME           ImageMagick
PCFLAGS        -DMAGICKCORE_HDRI_ENABLE=0 -DMAGICKCORE_QUANTUM_DEPTH=16
PREFIX         /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7
QuantumDepth   16
RELEASE_DATE   2014-08-31
SHARE_PATH     /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/share/ImageMagick-6
SHAREARCH_PATH /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/6.8.9-7/lib/ImageMagick/config-Q16
SVN_REVISION   16331
TARGET_CPU     x86_64
TARGET_OS      darwin13.3.0
TARGET_VENDOR  apple
VERSION        6.8.9
WEBSITE        http://www.imagemagick.org

Path: [built-in]

Name           Value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FEATURES
NAME           ImageMagick
QuantumDepth   16

UPDATE

~   convert       \
>    -debug draw \
>    -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

打印:

2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.150 0.010u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawImage/1784/Draw
  begin draw-image
2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.160 0.010u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawImage/3129/Draw
    text 0,0 "A B C"
2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.160 0.010u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawPrimitive/4221/Draw
    begin draw-primitive
2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.160 0.010u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawPrimitive/4223/Draw
      affine: 1 0 0 1 0 0
convert: unable to read font `(null)' @ error/annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1127.
convert: unable to read font `(null)' @ error/annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1127.
2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.310 0.040u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawPrimitive/4639/Draw
    end draw-primitive
2014-12-06T14:52:40-08:00 0:00.310 0.040u 6.8.9 Draw convert[39332]: draw.c/DrawImage/3179/Draw
  end draw-image
convert: non-conforming drawing primitive definition `text' @ error/draw.c/DrawImage/3192.

这个命令的一个有趣的部分:

convert -debug all -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

这是:

2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.100 0.030u 6.8.9 Annotate convert[39441]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
  Metrics: text: A B C; width: 0; height: 0; ascent: 0; descent: 0; max advance: 0; bounds: 0,0  0,0; origin: 0,0; pixels per em: 0,0; underline position: 0; underline thickness: 0
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.110 0.040u 6.8.9 Exception convert[39441]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1127/Exception
  unable to read font `(null)'
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.110 0.040u 6.8.9 Annotate convert[39441]: annotate.c/RenderPostscript/1649/Annotate
  Font none; pointsize 12

该命令输出的结尾是这样的:

2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11175/Coder
    Wrote PNG image data
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11178/Coder
      Width: 50
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11181/Coder
      Height: 50
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11190/Coder
      PNG bit-depth written: 1
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11199/Coder
      PNG color-type written: 0
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11202/Coder
      PNG Interlace method: 0
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11263/Coder
    Setting up text chunk
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11266/Coder
      keyword: 'date:create'
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11263/Coder
    Setting up text chunk
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11266/Coder
      keyword: 'date:modify'
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11282/Coder
    Writing PNG end info
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Resource convert[39441]: resource.c/RelinquishMagickResource/862/Resource
  Memory: 50B/24.4KiB/2GiB
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WriteOnePNGImage/11344/Coder
    exit WriteOnePNGImage()
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Coder convert[39441]: png.c/WritePNGImage/12183/Coder
  exit WritePNGImage()
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Cache convert[39441]: cache.c/DestroyPixelCache/965/Cache
  destroy 1.png[0]
2014-12-06T14:57:36-08:00 0:00.170 0.060u 6.8.9 Resource convert[39441]: resource.c/RelinquishMagickResource/862/Resource
  Memory: 25KB/0B/2GiB
convert: non-conforming drawing primitive definition `text' @ error/draw.c/DrawImage/3192.

这个注释命令,

~  convert      \
>    -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -annotate +0+0 "A B C" 2.png

给出了这个输出:

convert: unable to read font `(null)' @ error/annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1127.
convert: unable to read font `(null)' @ error/annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1127.

创建的png是257个字节,它是50x50像素,但我看不到任何字母.在预览中,它看起来完全透明.

Answer 1

为了调试这个问题，我首先使用一个更简单的命令：

 convert \
   -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

也许这也行不通。然后-verbose在命令中添加：

 convert    \
   -verbose \
   -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

也许您现在对出了什么问题有了更好的了解？如果没有，请添加-debug draw：

 convert       \
   -debug draw \
   -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

检查所有消息。可能有几十个。有什么线索吗？如果没有，请尝试-debug all：

 convert      \
   -debug all \
   -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -draw 'text 0,0 "A B C" ' 1.png

如果这没有产生任何提示，则可以尝试使用替代图像运算符来代替-draw: -annotate。这是（几乎）等效的命令：

 convert      \
   -size 50x50 xc:none -gravity center -annotate +0+0 "A B C" 2.png

有效吗-annotate？