import matplotlib.pyplot给出了ImportError:dlopen(...)库未加载libpng15.15.dylib

Question

导入pyplot会出错:

In [1]: import matplotlib
In [2]: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-eff513f636fd> in <module>()
----> 1 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py in <module>()
     25
     26 import matplotlib
---> 27 import matplotlib.colorbar
     28 from matplotlib import style
     29 from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers, interactive

/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/colorbar.py in <module>()
     32 import matplotlib.artist as martist
     33 import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
---> 34 import matplotlib.collections as collections
     35 import matplotlib.colors as colors
     36 import matplotlib.contour as contour
/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/collections.py in <module>()
     25 import matplotlib.artist as artist
     26 from matplotlib.artist import allow_rasterization
---> 27 import matplotlib.backend_bases as backend_bases
     28 import matplotlib.path as mpath
     29 from matplotlib import _path
/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in <module>()
     54
     55 import matplotlib.tight_bbox as tight_bbox
---> 56 import matplotlib.textpath as textpath
     57 from matplotlib.path import Path
     58 from matplotlib.cbook import mplDeprecation
/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/textpath.py in <module>()
     20 from matplotlib.ft2font import FT2Font, KERNING_DEFAULT, LOAD_NO_HINTING
     21 from matplotlib.ft2font import LOAD_TARGET_LIGHT
 ---> 22 from matplotlib.mathtext import MathTextParser
     23 import matplotlib.dviread as dviread
     24 from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/mathtext.py in <module>()
     61
     62 import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
---> 63 import matplotlib._png as _png
     64 ####################
     65
 ImportError: dlopen(/Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Library   not loaded: libpng15.15.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/r8t/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
  Reason: image not found

我看了导入matplotlib.pyplot的错误 ,建议删除matplotlib文件夹.我尝试过它并没有用.这也没有解决方案,但我认为是相关的:Python:py2app"ImportError:dlopen():库未加载"

另外我确保我安装了libpng(通过brew).谢谢,

Answer 1

(对不起,我还不能发表评论..所以这是一篇新帖子)

我在安装另一个库(spynner)时遇到了同样的问题: dlopen(…) Library not loaded libpng15.15.dylib

我尝试了一种类似@ travelbones的答案的方法,只想为未来的读者添加一些注释:

1. DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH应包含目录,而不是文件.例如,

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Users/xxx/anaconda/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

而不是

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Users/xxx/anaconda/lib/libpng15.15.dylib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

错误/usr/X11/lib/libpng15.15.dylib/libpng15.15.dylib: stat() failed with errno=20是由错误的DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH引起的,因为文件路径/usr/X11/lib/libpng15.15.dylib/libpng15.15.dylib不存在(请注意文件路径中的double libpng15.15.dylib).

2. 在我设置了新的DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH之后,我发现我的matplotlib搞砸了,出现以下错误:

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/shenggao/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/_macosx.so, 2): Symbol not found: __cg_jpeg_resync_to_restart
Referenced from: /System/Library/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/ImageIO
Expected in: /Users/shenggao/anaconda/lib/libjpeg.8.dylib in /System/Library/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/ImageIO

3. 为了解决这个问题,我将DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH改回旧值(即空),并将libpng路径添加到DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH,如下所示:

export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/Users/shenggao/anaconda/lib:$DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH

最后,matplotlib和我的新图书馆就像一个魅力!