如何处理9-patch和CardView上的Ripple效果,并控制选择器的状态？

Question

背景

我希望为Android Lollipop及更高版本的listView项添加一个简单的涟漪效果.

首先,我想将它设置为简单的行,然后设置为9个补丁行甚至是CardView.

问题

我确信这个会很容易,因为它甚至不需要我定义普通选择器.即使对于简单的行,我也没有这样做.出于某种原因,涟漪效应超出了行的边界:

不仅如此,在某些情况下,物品的背景会卡在我设定的颜色上.

代码

这就是我尝试过的:

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(android.R.id.list); 
        final LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
        listView.setAdapter(new BaseAdapter() {

            @Override
            public View getView(final int position, final View convertView, final ViewGroup parent) {
                View rootView = convertView;
                if (rootView == null) {
                    rootView = inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, parent, false);
                    ((TextView) rootView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)).setText("Test");
                }
                return rootView;
            }

            @Override
            public long getItemId(final int position) {
                return 0;
            }

            @Override
            public Object getItem(final int position) {
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            public int getCount() {
                return 2;
            }
        });
    }

}

activity_main.xml中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ListView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@android:id/list"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:cacheColorHint="@android:color/transparent"
    android:divider="@null"
    android:dividerHeight="0px"
    android:fadeScrollbars="false"
    android:fastScrollEnabled="true"
    android:listSelector="@drawable/listview_selector"
    android:scrollingCache="false"
    android:verticalScrollbarPosition="right" />

res/drawable-v21/listview_selector.xml(我有其他Android版本的普通选择器)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" />

我试过的

除了上面的简单代码,我还尝试为每个项目的background属性设置选择器,而不是在ListView上使用"listSelector",但它没有帮助.

我尝试过的另一件事是设置项目的前景,但它也有相同的结果.

这个问题

我该如何解决这个问题？它为什么会发生？我做错了什么？

我该如何进一步支持9-patch甚至CardView？

另外,如何设置新背景的状态,例如选中/选中？

---

更新:使用以下内容修复视图外部的绘图:

<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:color="?attr/colorControlHighlight" >

    <item android:id="@android:id/mask">
        <color android:color="@color/listview_pressed" />
    </item>

</ripple>

但是,它存在背景卡住的问题,我无法找到如何处理剩余的缺失功能(9-patch,cardView,...).

我认为色彩卡住与使用它作为视图的前景有关.

---

编辑:我看到有些人不明白这里的问题是什么.

这是关于处理新的涟漪效果,同时仍然使用旧的选择器/ CardView.

例如,这是一个选择器 - drawble:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_selected="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_activated="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_focused="true" android:state_pressed="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_pressed="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..."/>
</selector>

这可以用作列表选择器或单个视图的背景.

但是,我找不到如何使用它与波纹drawable一起使用.

我知道涟漪已经处理了一些状态,但对于一些状态,它没有.另外,我无法找到如何使其处理9-patch和CardView.

我希望现在更容易理解我的问题.

---

关于波纹颜色的问题被"卡住",我认为这是因为我如何制作布局.我想要一个可以检查的布局(当我决定)并且还具有点击的效果,所以这就是我所做的(基于这个网站和另一个我找不到的):

public class CheckableRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout implements Checkable {
    private boolean mChecked;
    private static final String TAG = CheckableRelativeLayout.class.getCanonicalName();
    private static final int[] CHECKED_STATE_SET = { android.R.attr.state_checked };
    private Drawable mForegroundDrawable;

    public CheckableRelativeLayout(final Context context) {
        this(context, null, 0);
    }

    public CheckableRelativeLayout(final Context context, final AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public CheckableRelativeLayout(final Context context, final AttributeSet attrs, final int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CheckableRelativeLayout, defStyle,
                0);
        setForeground(a.getDrawable(R.styleable.CheckableRelativeLayout_foreground));
        a.recycle();
    }

    public void setForeground(final Drawable drawable) {
        this.mForegroundDrawable = drawable;
    }

    public Drawable getForeground() {
        return this.mForegroundDrawable;
    }

    @Override
    protected int[] onCreateDrawableState(final int extraSpace) {
        final int[] drawableState = super.onCreateDrawableState(extraSpace + 1);
        if (isChecked()) {
            mergeDrawableStates(drawableState, CHECKED_STATE_SET);
        }
        return drawableState;
    }

    @Override
    protected void drawableStateChanged() {
        super.drawableStateChanged();
        final Drawable drawable = getBackground();
        boolean needRedraw = false;
        final int[] myDrawableState = getDrawableState();
        if (drawable != null) {
            drawable.setState(myDrawableState);
            needRedraw = true;
        }
        if (mForegroundDrawable != null) {
            mForegroundDrawable.setState(myDrawableState);
            needRedraw = true;
        }
        if (needRedraw)
            invalidate();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(final int width, final int height, final int oldwidth, final int oldheight) {
        super.onSizeChanged(width, height, oldwidth, oldheight);
        if (mForegroundDrawable != null)
            mForegroundDrawable.setBounds(0, 0, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    protected void dispatchDraw(final Canvas canvas) {
        super.dispatchDraw(canvas);
        if (mForegroundDrawable != null)
            mForegroundDrawable.draw(canvas);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isChecked() {
        return mChecked;
    }

    @Override
    public void setChecked(final boolean checked) {
        setChecked(checked, true);
    }

    public void setChecked(final boolean checked, final boolean alsoRecursively) {
        mChecked = checked;
        refreshDrawableState();
        if (alsoRecursively)
            ViewUtil.setCheckedRecursively(this, checked);
    }

    @Override
    public void toggle() {
        setChecked(!mChecked);
    }

    @Override
    public Parcelable onSaveInstanceState() {
        // Force our ancestor class to save its state
        final Parcelable superState = super.onSaveInstanceState();
        final SavedState savedState = new SavedState(superState);
        savedState.checked = isChecked();
        return savedState;
    }

    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    @Override
    public void drawableHotspotChanged(final float x, final float y) {
        super.drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
        if (mForegroundDrawable != null) {
            mForegroundDrawable.setHotspot(x, y);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRestoreInstanceState(final Parcelable state) {
        final SavedState savedState = (SavedState) state;
        super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedState.getSuperState());
        setChecked(savedState.checked);
        requestLayout();
    }

    // /////////////
    // SavedState //
    // /////////////

    private static class SavedState extends BaseSavedState {
        boolean checked;

        SavedState(final Parcelable superState) {
            super(superState);
        }

        private SavedState(final Parcel in) {
            super(in);
            checked = (Boolean) in.readValue(null);
        }

        @Override
        public void writeToParcel(final Parcel out, final int flags) {
            super.writeToParcel(out, flags);
            out.writeValue(checked);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return TAG + ".SavedState{" + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(this)) + " checked=" + checked
                    + "}";
        }

        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        public static final Parcelable.Creator<SavedState> CREATOR = new Parcelable.Creator<SavedState>() {
            @Override
            public SavedState createFromParcel(final Parcel in) {
                return new SavedState(in);
            }

            @Override
            public SavedState[] newArray(final int size) {
                return new SavedState[size];
            }
        };
    }
}

编辑:修复是添加我做的布局的下一行:

@SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(final MotionEvent e) {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP && //
            e.getActionMasked() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && //
            mForeground != null)
        mForeground.setHotspot(e.getX(), e.getY());
    return super.onTouchEvent(e);
}

Answer 1

RippleDrawable延伸LayerDrawable.触摸反馈drawable可能包含多个子图层,包括未绘制到屏幕的特殊遮罩层.通过将其android:id值指定为单个层,可以将其设置为掩码mask.第二层可以StateListDrawable.

例如,这是我们的StateListDrawable资源名称item_selectable.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_selected="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_activated="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_focused="true" android:state_pressed="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..." android:state_pressed="true"/>
    <item android:drawable="..."/>
</selector>

为了实现连接选择器的连锁效果,我们可以将上面的drawable设置为RippleDrawable具有名称的图层list_selector_ripple.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:color="@color/colorControlHighlight">
    <item android:id="@android:id/mask">
        <color android:color="@android:color/white"/>
    </item>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/item_selectable"/>
</ripple>

UPD:

1)使用这个drawable,CardView只需将其设置为android:foreground,如下所示:

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView
    ...
    android:foreground="@drawable/list_selector_ripple"
    />

2)为了使波纹效果在9-patch的范围内起作用,我们应该将这个9-patch drawable设置为ripple drawable(list_selector_ripple_nine_patch.xml)的掩码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:color="@color/colorControlHighlight">
    <item android:id="@android:id/mask" android:drawable="@drawable/your_nine_patch" />
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/your_nine_patch" />
</ripple>

然后设置视图的背景:

<LinearLayout
    ...
    android:background="@drawable/list_selector_ripple_nine_patch"
    />

Answer 2

创建纹波的简单方法是在drawable-v21文件夹中创建一个xml,并将此代码用于xml.

android:backgroung="@drawable/ripple_xyz"

如果,通过java /动态使用.

View.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.ripple_xyz);

这是ripple_xyz.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:color="#228B22" >
// ^ THIS IS THE COLOR FOR RIPPLE
<item>
    <shape
        android:shape="rectangle"
        android:useLevel="false" >
        <solid android:color="#CCFFFFFF" />
// ^ THIS IS THE COLOR FOR BACK GROUND
    </shape>
</item>