IIS 8.5应用程序初始化和Windows身份验证

Question

我试图使用IIS 8.5上的应用程序初始化模块来预热Intranet应用程序.设置正确并且热身工作正常,但是一旦我禁用匿名身份验证,就不再预加载应用程序(内存使用量仅为20mb,而初始化点击网站时约为200mb).

由于这些是需要身份验证的Intranet应用程序,因此我们传统上始终只启用Windows身份验证并禁用匿名身份验证.

我正在寻找一种方法来保持这种设置,并且还有应用程序初始化工作.我在这个页面上发现IIS正在使用NT AUTHORITY\IUSR来处理请求.

在我看来,我的选择是:

1. 启用自治认证.
2. 更改IIS用于发出请求的帐户.

理想情况下,我希望禁用自治身份验证.有谁知道我怎么能做到这一点？

Answer 1

简而言之,我建议允许非SSL,匿名访问每个应用程序中的单个Init.aspx页面.我为此目的添加了这样一个页面,其中包含文档,以帮助后续管理员/开发人员在必须将代码移动到新服务器时弄清楚如何使其工作.

特别是一个帮助我弄清楚如何使其工作的参考是web.config <applicationInitialization>标记的参考.

这是我添加到我的应用程序的Init.aspx页面,以防你想使用它的衍生物:

<%@Page ContentType="text/plain" Language="C#" EnableSessionState="False" EnableViewState="false" AutoEventWireup="false" EnableTheming="false" StylesheetTheme="" Theme="" %>
<%--

The built-in application initialization/preload feature can help in situations where the application takes a while to 
start and/or in situations where some components of the site run as services (e.g. performing scheduled tasks).  This 
feature will make sure that the site is quick when the first user visits the site after a restart and/or will ensure that 
scheduled processes are up and running regardless of when people use the site.

Requirements/procedure for application initialization/preload:
(The procedure is slightly different in versions of IIS before 8.5 because there are no UI options.  Must instead alter
applicationHost.config.  See additional reading for more info.)

1.  Set the app pool for the application to "AlwaysRunning" :
    (IIS Manager > Application Pools > YourAppPoolHere > Advanced Settings... > Start Mode)

2.  Enable Preload: (IIS Manager > Sites> YourSiteOrAppHere > Advanced Settings... > Preload Enabled)

3.  Set initialization properties in the web.config.  e.g.:
      <applicationInitialization doAppInitAfterRestart="true">
        <add initializationPage="/PathToYourApp/Init.aspx" hostName="YourWebsiteNameHere.com" />
      </applicationInitialization>
    See this reference for more info (which can be very important):
    http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/applicationinitialization

4.  Make the Init.aspx page accessible via HTTP with Anonymous access (which may entail one or more of the following).
      - Set NTFS Permissions on the file to include the IUSR (or Everyone) security principal.
      - Adjust the Authentication, Authorization Rules, IP Address Restrictions, SSL Settings, and any other restrictions 
        for *only* the Init.aspx page:
          4.1  IIS Manager > Sites > YourSiteOrAppHere 
          4.2  Switch from 'Features View' to 'Content View' 
          4.3  Find this Init.aspx page in the right pane and highlight it 
          4.4  Switch back from 'Content View' to 'Features View' once the Init.aspx page is selected.
          4.5  You should now see Init.aspx in the tree view in the left pane.  You can now adjust the access restrictions 
               on just this page (e.g. disable SSL, enable anonymous, etc.)
               Some stuff like this might be in your config:
                 <location path="Init.aspx"><system.webServer><security><authorization>
                   <add accessType="Allow" users="?" />
                 </authorization></security></system.webServer></location>

Additional Reading:

  Some decent guides on installing and enabling Application Initialization:
  http://www.iis.net/learn/get-started/whats-new-in-iis-8/iis-80-application-initialization
  http://weblog.west-wind.com/posts/2013/Oct/02/Use-IIS-Application-Initialization-for-keeping-ASPNET-Apps-alive

  The reference for the init parameters:
  http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/applicationinitialization

-----------------------------------------------------

Note that by the time the code gets to this page, the code in your Global.asax Application_Start and/or any 
Application_Start HTTP Modules will already have fired, so you may not have any extra work to do here.  This page could 
simply be a dummy page.

TO DO: Add any extra initialization tasks outside of the comment section here if you really want to. e.g.:
<%
MyAppNameSpace.UtilityClass.DoExpensiveStartupRoutine();
%>

//.. and last, just write some dummy text if you ever want to see this page in a browser:
--%>
Application Initialized.