Rob*_*Rob 6 c# memory asp.net-mvc memory-leaks entity-framework
我有一个使用 Entity Framework 6 运行的小型 MVC Web 应用程序。通过浏览我的开发人员上的主页(例如 www.mywebsite.dev)启动应用程序时。机器应用程序池开始并按预期加载页面。
尽管主页非常轻量级并且仅从数据库中获取一些内容(2 个菜单、2 个带有文本的段落以及一个包含 3-4 个对象的集合),但应用程序池在刚刚加载后已经 > 200 MB (!)主页一次..
使用这篇文章和这篇文章,我设法弄清楚了如何分析管理内存,并且我还删除了一些阻止上下文处理的静态属性。DbContext 已禁用延迟加载,
public class MyContext: DbContext
{
private readonly Dictionary<Type, EntitySetBase> _mappingCache = new Dictionary<Type, EntitySetBase>();
#region dbset properties
//Membership sets
public IDbSet<UserProfile> UserProfiles { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Project> Project { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Portfolio> Portfolio { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Menu> Menu { get; set; }
public IDbSet<MenuItem> MenuItem { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Page> Page { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Component> Component { get; set; }
public IDbSet<ComponentType> ComponentType { get; set; }
public IDbSet<BlogCategory> BlogCategory { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Blog> Blog { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Caroussel> Carousel { get; set; }
public IDbSet<CarouselItem> CarouselItem { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Redirect> Redirect { get; set; }
public IDbSet<TextBlock> TextBlock { get; set; }
public IDbSet<Image> Image { get; set; }
public IDbSet<ImageContent> ImageContent { get; set; }
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// The constructor, we provide the connectionstring to be used to it's base class.
/// </summary>
public MyContext() : base("name=MyConnectionstring")
{
//Disable lazy loading by default!
Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
Database.SetInitializer<BorloContext>(null);
}
//SOME OTHER CODE
}
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我仍然在内存中看到很多对象,我认为它们与实体框架的延迟加载有关。

我已经设置了几层的网站;
下面是如何使用它的示例。
部分控制器
public class PartialController : BaseController
{
//private readonly IGenericService<Menu> _menuService;
//private readonly UnitOfWork _unitOfWork = new UnitOfWork();
//private readonly MenuService _menuService;
public PartialController()
{
//_menuService = new GenericService<Menu>();
//_menuService = new MenuService();
}
/// <summary>
/// Renders the mainmenu based on the correct systemname.
/// </summary>
[ChildActionOnly]
public ActionResult MainMenu()
{
var viewModel = new MenuModel { MenuItems = new List<MenuItem>() };
try
{
Menu menu;
using (var service = ServiceFactory.GetMenuService())
{
menu= service.GetBySystemName("MainMenu");
}
//Get the menuItems collection from somewhere
if (menu.MenuItems != null && menu.MenuItems.Any())
{
viewModel.MenuItems = menu.MenuItems.ToList();
return View(viewModel);
}
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
//TODO: Make nice function of this and decide throwing or logging.
if (exception.GetType().IsAssignableFrom(typeof(KeyNotFoundException)))
{
throw;
}
else
{
//TODO: Exception handling and logging
//TODO: If exception then redirect to 500-error page.
}
}
return View(viewModel);
}
}
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服务工厂
public class ServiceFactory
{
public static IService<Menu> GetMenuService()
{
return new MenuService();
}
}
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菜单服务
public class MenuService : BaseService, IService<Menu>
{
private readonly UnitOfWork _unitOfWork;
private bool _disposed;
public MenuService()
{
if (_unitOfWork == null)
{
_unitOfWork = new UnitOfWork();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the menu by the provided systemname.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="systemName">The systemname of the menu.</param>
/// <returns>The menu if found. Otherwise null</returns>
public Menu GetBySystemName(string systemName)
{
var menu = new Menu();
if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(systemName)) throw new ArgumentNullException("systemName","Parameter is required.");
if (Cache.HasItem(systemName))
{
menu = Cache.GetItem(systemName) as Menu;
}
else
{
var retrievedMenu = _unitOfWork.MenuRepository.GetSingle(m => m.SystemName.Equals(systemName), "MenuItems,MenuItems.Page");
if (retrievedMenu == null) return menu;
try
{
var exp = GenericRepository<CORE.Entities.MenuItem>.IsPublished();
var menuItems = (exp != null) ?
retrievedMenu.MenuItems.AsQueryable().Where(exp).Select(MenuTranslator.Translate).OrderBy(mi => mi.SortOrder).ToList() :
retrievedMenu.MenuItems.Select(MenuTranslator.Translate).OrderBy(mi => mi.SortOrder).ToList();
menu.MenuItems = menuItems;
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO: Logging
}
Cache.AddItem(systemName, menu, CachePriority.Default, CacheDuration.Short);
}
return menu;
}
public IEnumerable<Menu> Get()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
~MenuService()
{
Dispose(false);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!_disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
_unitOfWork.Dispose();
}
}
_disposed = true;
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
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}
通用存储库
public class GenericRepository<TEntity> : IGenericRepository<TEntity> where TEntity : class, IEntityObject
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{ /// /// 使用的数据库上下文。/// 内部 MyContext 上下文;
/// <summary>
/// The loaded set of entities.
/// </summary>
internal DbSet<TEntity> DbSet;
/// <summary>
/// The constructor taking the databasecontext.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context">The databasecontext to use.</param>
public GenericRepository(MyContext context)
{
//Apply the context
Context = context;
//Set the entity type for the current dbset.
DbSet = context.Set<TEntity>();
}
public IQueryable<TEntity> AsQueryable(bool publishedItemsOnly = true)
{
if (!publishedItemsOnly) return DbSet;
try
{
return DbSet.Where(IsPublished());
}
catch (Exception)
{
//TODO: Logging
}
return DbSet;
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets a list of items matching the specified filter, order by and included properties.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filter">The filter to apply.</param>
/// <param name="includeProperties">The properties to include to apply eager loading.</param>
/// <param name="publishedItemsOnly">True if only publish and active items should be included, otherwise false.</param>
/// <returns>A collection of entities matching the condition.</returns>
public virtual IQueryable<TEntity> Get(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> filter, string includeProperties, bool publishedItemsOnly)
{
var query = AsQueryable(publishedItemsOnly);
if (filter != null)
{
query = query.Where(filter);
}
if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(includeProperties))
return query;
//Include all properties to the dbset to enable eager loading.
query = includeProperties.Split(new[] {','}, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries).Aggregate(query, (current, includeProperty) => current.Include(includeProperty));
return query;
}
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}
长话短说。在我的代码/情况中,什么可能导致仅加载主页时使用了惊人的 200 MB 或更多的问题?我注意到的一件奇怪的事情是,在下面的示例中,就在页面加载之前,内存从 111 MB 跳转到 232 MB;

使用 dotMemory编辑跟踪结果

编辑 2
在我加载主页后的结果下方。主页现在是空的,并且在全局 asax 中只调用了一个服务。我让页面打开了一段时间,然后刷新,导致所有峰值。

下面是更详细的结果,显然很多字符串占用了大量内存..?

编辑 3
dotMemory 的不同视图

所以,图像现在更加清晰了。dotMemory 显示,您的应用程序仅占用 9Mb 内存,我们可以在快照视图中看到这一点。内存流量视图也证实了这一点。从分析开始就分配了约 73Mb,并且已将约 65Mb 收集到快照 #1 点。
实时数据图表上显示的总内存使用情况怎么样,抱歉我之前没有意识到你的应用程序内存使用大部分是第 0 代堆。(而且我还错过了您的应用程序在此屏幕上的快照图块上仅使用〜8Mb)。
Gen 0堆大小显示第0代中可以分配的最大字节数;它并不指示第 0 代中当前分配的字节数。 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/x2tyfybc(v=vs.110).aspx
根据我的口味,Gen 0 堆大小看起来异常大,但它是 .net 垃圾收集器的内部细节,它有权这样做。
我冒昧地建议您的应用程序在具有大量 RAM 和/或具有大 CPU 缓存的计算机上运行。但它也可以是 ASP 服务器实现的特殊方面。
结论 - 您的应用程序内存使用没有问题:)至少在加载主页时是这样。
PS我建议观看dotMemory视频教程,以学习如何使用它