将文件扩展名与应用程序关联

Question

我编写了一个编辑特定文件类型的程序,我想让用户选择在启动时将我的应用程序设置为此文件类型的默认编辑器(因为我不需要安装程序).

我已经尝试编写一个可重用的方法,通过向HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT添加密钥,并将其与我的应用程序一起使用,但是它不会为我关联文件(最好是在任何操作系统上,虽然我正在运行Vista)似乎工作.

public static void SetAssociation(string Extension, string KeyName, string OpenWith, string FileDescription)
{
    RegistryKey BaseKey;
    RegistryKey OpenMethod;
    RegistryKey Shell;
    RegistryKey CurrentUser;

    BaseKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(Extension);
    BaseKey.SetValue("", KeyName);

    OpenMethod = Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(KeyName);
    OpenMethod.SetValue("", FileDescription);
    OpenMethod.CreateSubKey("DefaultIcon").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\",0");
    Shell = OpenMethod.CreateSubKey("Shell");
    Shell.CreateSubKey("edit").CreateSubKey("command").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
    Shell.CreateSubKey("open").CreateSubKey("command").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
    BaseKey.Close();
    OpenMethod.Close();
    Shell.Close();

    CurrentUser = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(@"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts\" + Extension);
    CurrentUser = CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("UserChoice", RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree, System.Security.AccessControl.RegistryRights.FullControl);
    CurrentUser.SetValue("Progid", KeyName, RegistryValueKind.String);
    CurrentUser.Close();
}

知道为什么它不起作用吗？一个示例用途可能是

SetAssociation(".ucs", "UCS_Editor_File", Application.ExecutablePath, "UCS File"); 

使用"CurrentUser"的方法部分似乎可以工作,如果我使用regedit做同样的事情,但使用我的应用程序它没有.

Answer 1

答案比我想象的要简单得多.Windows资源管理器有自己的打开应用程序覆盖,我试图在最后几行代码中修改它.如果您只是删除资源管理器覆盖,那么文件关联将起作用.

我还告诉资源管理器我通过调用非托管函数更改了文件关联 SHChangeNotify()

public static void SetAssociation(string Extension, string KeyName, string OpenWith, string FileDescription)
{
    // The stuff that was above here is basically the same

    // Delete the key instead of trying to change it
    CurrentUser = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\FileExts\\" + Extension, true);
    CurrentUser.DeleteSubKey("UserChoice", false);
    CurrentUser.Close();

    // Tell explorer the file association has been changed
    SHChangeNotify(0x08000000, 0x0000, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
}

[DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern void SHChangeNotify(uint wEventId, uint uFlags, IntPtr dwItem1, IntPtr dwItem2);

Answer 2

这是一个完整的例子:

public class FileAssociation
{
    public string Extension { get; set; }
    public string ProgId { get; set; }
    public string FileTypeDescription { get; set; }
    public string ExecutableFilePath { get; set; }
}

public class FileAssociations
{
    // needed so that Explorer windows get refreshed after the registry is updated
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("Shell32.dll")]
    private static extern int SHChangeNotify(int eventId, int flags, IntPtr item1, IntPtr item2);

    private const int SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED = 0x8000000;
    private const int SHCNF_FLUSH = 0x1000;

    public static void EnsureAssociationsSet()
    {
        var filePath = Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName;
        EnsureAssociationsSet(
            new FileAssociation
            {
                Extension = ".ucs",
                ProgId = "UCS_Editor_File",
                FileTypeDescription = "UCS File",
                ExecutableFilePath = filePath
            });
    }

    public static void EnsureAssociationsSet(params FileAssociation[] associations)
    {
        bool madeChanges = false;
        foreach (var association in associations)
        {
            madeChanges |= SetAssociation(
                association.Extension,
                association.ProgId,
                association.FileTypeDescription,
                association.ExecutableFilePath);
        }

        if (madeChanges)
        {
            SHChangeNotify(SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED, SHCNF_FLUSH, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
        }
    }

    public static bool SetAssociation(string extension, string progId, string fileTypeDescription, string applicationFilePath)
    {
        bool madeChanges = false;
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue(@"Software\Classes\" + extension, progId);
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue(@"Software\Classes\" + progId, fileTypeDescription);
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue($@"Software\Classes\{progId}\shell\open\command", "\"" + applicationFilePath + "\" \"%1\"");
        return madeChanges;
    }

    private static bool SetKeyDefaultValue(string keyPath, string value)
    {
        using (var key = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(keyPath))
        {
            if (key.GetValue(null) as string != value)
            {
                key.SetValue(null, value);
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

Answer 3

您可以通过ClickOnce以托管方式执行此操作.不要自己乱用注册表.这可以通过工具(即没有xml)在VS2008及更高版本(包括Express)上的Project Properties => Publish => Options => File Associations中获得

Answer 4

上面的解决方案对我来说对Windows 10不起作用.这是我的解决方案,为当前用户打开带有%localappdata%\ MyApp\MyApp.exe的.myExt扩展名的文件.阅读评论后优化.

 String App_Exe = "MyApp.exe";
 String App_Path = "%localappdata%";
 SetAssociation_User("myExt", App_Path + App_Exe, App_Exe);

 public static void SetAssociation_User(string Extension, string OpenWith, string ExecutableName)
 {
    try {
                using (RegistryKey User_Classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("SOFTWARE\\Classes\\", true))
                using (RegistryKey User_Ext = User_Classes.CreateSubKey("." + Extension))
                using (RegistryKey User_AutoFile = User_Classes.CreateSubKey(Extension + "_auto_file"))
                using (RegistryKey User_AutoFile_Command = User_AutoFile.CreateSubKey("shell").CreateSubKey("open").CreateSubKey("command"))
                using (RegistryKey ApplicationAssociationToasts = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\ApplicationAssociationToasts\\", true))
                using (RegistryKey User_Classes_Applications = User_Classes.CreateSubKey("Applications"))
                using (RegistryKey User_Classes_Applications_Exe = User_Classes_Applications.CreateSubKey(ExecutableName))
                using (RegistryKey User_Application_Command = User_Classes_Applications_Exe.CreateSubKey("shell").CreateSubKey("open").CreateSubKey("command"))
                using (RegistryKey User_Explorer = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey("Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\FileExts\\." + Extension))
                using (RegistryKey User_Choice = User_Explorer.OpenSubKey("UserChoice"))
                {
                    User_Ext.SetValue("", Extension + "_auto_file", RegistryValueKind.String);
                    User_Classes.SetValue("", Extension + "_auto_file", RegistryValueKind.String);
                    User_Classes.CreateSubKey(Extension + "_auto_file");
                    User_AutoFile_Command.SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
                    ApplicationAssociationToasts.SetValue(Extension + "_auto_file_." + Extension, 0);
                    ApplicationAssociationToasts.SetValue(@"Applications\" + ExecutableName + "_." + Extension, 0);
                    User_Application_Command.SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
                    User_Explorer.CreateSubKey("OpenWithList").SetValue("a", ExecutableName);
                    User_Explorer.CreateSubKey("OpenWithProgids").SetValue(Extension + "_auto_file", "0");
                    if (User_Choice != null) User_Explorer.DeleteSubKey("UserChoice");
                    User_Explorer.CreateSubKey("UserChoice").SetValue("ProgId", @"Applications\" + ExecutableName);
                }
                SHChangeNotify(0x08000000, 0x0000, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
            catch (Exception excpt)
            {
                //Your code here
            }
        }

  [DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
  public static extern void SHChangeNotify(uint wEventId, uint uFlags, IntPtr dwItem1, IntPtr dwItem2);

Answer 5

如果您将密钥写入HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes而不是HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,则在Vista及更高版本下,这应该没有管理员权限.