Jim*_*701 5 authentication devise warden ruby-on-rails-4
我们在生产环境中的Webrick服务器上有一个Rails 4应用程序，该应用程序会定期崩溃并返回500错误。崩溃似乎来自以下错误：
Error during failsafe response: undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.2.2/lib/devise/controllers/helpers.rb:58:in `current_user'
我们已经在第58行检查了helpers.rb文件，因此它来自在'current_user'方法中对wardent.authenticate的调用。因此，我们已在Gemfile中导入了宝石“ warden”，但没有任何变化。
我们还尝试将webrick服务器更改为“ puma”服务器，认为它可能来自线程，但没有任何变化。
整个错误如下：
Error during failsafe response: undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.2.2/lib/devise/controllers/helpers.rb:58:in `current_user'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb:53:in `current_user'
/home/dev/myProject/app/views/shared/_top_menu.html.erb:23:in `_app_views_shared__top_menu_html_erb___3475115451092967008_67265400'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:141:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:306:in `render_partial'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:279:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/abstract_renderer.rb:38:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/abstract_renderer.rb:38:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:278:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:47:in `render_partial'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/helpers/rendering_helper.rb:27:in `render'
/home/dev/myProject/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb:18:in `_app_views_layouts_application_html_erb__2013404122424653986_65265180'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:141:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:61:in `render_with_layout'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:47:in `render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:17:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:42:in `render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:23:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:127:in `_render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb:219:in `_render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:120:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:33:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb:26:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:97:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:16:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block (2 levels) in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `block in ms'
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:294:in `realtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `ms'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:84:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.11/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:25:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:40:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:10:in `default_render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:5:in `send_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:189:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:403:in `_run__2818342425517875908__process_action__callbacks'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.11/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:136:in `process'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:44:in `process'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:195:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:231:in `block in action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:50:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:71:in `block in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `each'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:676:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:43:in `render_exception'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:33:in `rescue in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:83:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:84:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/sendfile.rb:112:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/engine.rb:511:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/application.rb:97:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:60:in `service'
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'
Error during failsafe response: undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.2.2/lib/devise/controllers/helpers.rb:58:in `current_user'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb:53:in `current_user'
/home/dev/myProject/app/views/shared/_top_menu.html.erb:23:in `_app_views_shared__top_menu_html_erb___3475115451092967008_68619440'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:141:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:306:in `render_partial'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:279:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/abstract_renderer.rb:38:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/abstract_renderer.rb:38:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/partial_renderer.rb:278:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:47:in `render_partial'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/helpers/rendering_helper.rb:27:in `render'
/home/dev/myProject/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb:18:in `_app_views_layouts_application_html_erb__2013404122424653986_65265180'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/template.rb:141:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:61:in `render_with_layout'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:47:in `render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:17:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:42:in `render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:23:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:127:in `_render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb:219:in `_render_template'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:120:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:33:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb:26:in `render_to_body'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:97:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:16:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block (2 levels) in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `block in ms'
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.2/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:294:in `realtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `ms'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block in render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:84:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.11/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:25:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:40:in `render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:10:in `default_render'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:5:in `send_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:189:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:403:in `_run__2818342425517875908__process_action__callbacks'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.0.11/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:136:in `process'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:44:in `process'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:195:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:231:in `block in action'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `dispatch'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:50:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:71:in `block in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `each'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:676:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:43:in `render_exception'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:33:in `rescue in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.0.11/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.0.11/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.0.11/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
/usr
作为从Google发现此错误的人的后续活动。如果使用Devise，则在无法正确初始化时将发生此错误。如果您查看日志，则可能会在启动时发现另一个错误，该错误阻止了Devise的初始化。在这种情况下，堆栈跟踪是无关紧要的。
就我而言，根本问题是我有待完成的迁移。
安装 Apache Server + Phusion Passenger + Capistrano 并为生产部署配置好所有环境后，一切似乎都运行良好。（实际上，只有用于生产环境的 webrick 服务器是一个坏主意......即使对于 beta 版本也是如此）
感谢所有帮助我们并回答我们问题的人。
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