PF *_*and 5 c# interop c++-cli task cancellation
我正在尝试修复 C# 异步代码,启动在非托管 C++ 例程编写的外部 dll 中执行的可取消操作。
如果用户委托调用外部非托管 C++ 例程,是否有办法使用在创建时传递给任务的取消令牌来取消任务?
据我所知,任务取消涉及用户委托和请求取消的代码之间的合作。成功的取消涉及请求代码调用 CancellationTokenSource.Cancel 方法,以及用户委托及时终止操作,方法是在注意到已提出取消请求时简单地从委托返回(通过轮询 CancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)方法)或使用 CancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested 方法抛出 OperationCanceledException。(参见http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd997396%28v=vs.110%29.aspx)
这两种方式涉及由用户委托执行的非托管 C++ 例程通过接收 CancellationToken 作为参数并定期调用其 IsCancellationRequested 和/或 ThrowIfCancellationRequested 方法来进行协作。
是否可以从非托管外部 C++ 例程执行此操作?
如果不是,当请求代码请求取消时,是否有办法强制终止执行用户委托的任务(执行非托管 C++ 例程)?
以下是我尝试修复的混合 C# / C++Cli / 非托管 C++ 代码的示例(摘录),以便能够取消用户委托在 C++ 非托管代码部分中执行的操作:
FrmDemo.cs:-------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
public class FrmDemo : Form
{
private CliClass m_CliObject;
private System.Threading.CancellationTokenSource m_Cts;
private System.Threading.CancellationToken m_Ct;
private void FrmDemo_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Creating the external CliObject:
this.m_CliObject = new NSDemo.CliClass();
...
}
// Event handler of the button starting the cancelable asynchrone operation:
private async void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
m_Cts = new System.Threading.CancellationTokenSource();
m_Ct = m_Cts.Token;
await Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
{
// Launching a cancelable operation performed by a managed C++Cli Object :
this.m_CliObject.DoSomething(); // How to eventually pass the CancellationToken m_ct to the m_CliObject ?
}, m_ct);
...
}
//Event handler of the cancel button:
private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Requesting cancellation:
m_Cts.Cancel();
// (Or alternatively, how to eventually force the termination of the async Task without collaboration from it ?)
}
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CliClass.h:-------------------------------------------- --------
#include "DemoCore.h"
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;
using namespace cli;
namespace NSDemo
{
public ref class CliClass
{
public:
CliClass();
~CliClass();
void DoSomething()
{
// Performing the operation in the unmanaged coreObject:
_coreObject->DoSomething();
}
private:
UNSDemo::CoreClass *_coreObject;
bool _disposed;
};
}
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CliClass.cpp:------------------------------------------
namespace NSDemo
{
CliClass::CliClass()
{
_coreObject = new UNSDemo::CoreClass(...);
....
}
CliClass::~CliClass()
{
if (_disposed)
return;
if (_coreObject != nullptr) {
delete _coreObject;
_coreObject = nullptr;
}
_disposed = true;
GC::SuppressFinalize(this);
}
CoreClass.h-----------------------------------------------------------------
namespace UNSDemo {
class __declspec(dllexport) CoreClass {
public:
ScanningCore();
~ScanningCore();
void DoSomething();
private:
...
};
}
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CoreClass.cpp:-------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
#include "CoreClass.h"
namespace UNSDemo {
CoreClass::CoreClass()
{
...
}
CoreClass::~CoreClass()
{
...
}
// Method actually performing the cancelable operation:
void CoreClass::DoSomething()
{
// Main loop of the unmanaged cancelable operation:
while (...) {
...
// How to check the cancellation request from here ? (How to access the CancellationToken ?)
// and if cancellation is requested, how to eventually throw the OperationCanceledException ?
}
}
}
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感谢您的任何帮助。
如果您正在处理纯粹的非托管代码,它不知道 CancellationToken 类,因此您无法像处理托管代码那样传递它。
我要做的就是声明您的非托管方法以获取指向布尔值的指针,并在布尔值设置为 true 时让非托管代码中止自身。在包装器中,使用 CancellationToken.Register 注册一个回调,该回调将在取消 CancellationToken 时将布尔值设置为 true。
这表面上听起来很简单,但有点复杂,因为您需要一个托管事件处理程序来访问允许您获取地址的布尔值。
public ref class CancelableTaskWrapper
{
private:
bool* isCanceled;
void (*unmanagedFunctionPointer)(bool*);
void Canceled() { if (isCanceled != nullptr) *isCanceled = true; }
public:
CancelableTaskWrapper(void (*unmanagedFunctionPointer)(bool*))
{
this->unmanagedFunctionPointer = unmanagedFunctionPointer;
isCanceled = new bool;
}
~CancelableTaskWrapper() { if (isCanceled != nullptr) delete isCanceled; isCanceled = nullptr; }
!CancelableTaskWrapper() { if (isCanceled != nullptr) delete isCanceled; isCanceled = nullptr; }
void RunTask(CancellationToken cancelToken)
{
*isCanceled = false;
CancellationTokenRegistration reg = cancelToken.Register(
gcnew Action(this, &CancelableTaskWrapper::Canceled));
unmanagedFunctionPointer(isCanceled);
}
};
void someUnmanagedFunction(bool* isCanceled)
{
doSomethingLongRunning();
if(*isCanceled) return;
doSomethingLongRunning();
}
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isCanceled
是一个指向 bool 的指针,所以它在堆上。因此,我们可以向它传递一个指针,而不需要做任何特殊的事情(例如,固定托管对象)。CancellationTokenRegistration
实现,当超出范围IDisposable
时它会自动取消注册。reg
(您可以使用using
C# 中的语句来完成此操作。)免责声明:我现在不在编译器工作;可能存在语法错误。