如何使用像scanf这样的函数使用int16_t或int32_t

Question

我理解int16_t或int32_t在C中的方式是它们在您的计算机上分别被命名为16位和32位数字.我相信当你需要保证数字为16或32位时你会使用这些,因为不同的系统并不总是代表int32位或short16位(这个假设是正确的吗？当我在网上看时,我找到了混合的答案.) .

我的问题是当我要求它们实际上是16位或32位或其他什么时,我将如何使用一个函数scanf来获取来自具有int16_t或者int32_t或任何其他类型定义数字类型的用户的输入？有某种特殊的字符串修饰符吗？通常情况下,如果我想int从一个用户那里得到一个没有关心它实际表示多大的用户,我会写这样的东西

scanf("%d", &int);

这是有效的,如果我传入一个,int32_t但我认为它只是因为int我的系统是32位,它没有特别给我一个32位数,而只是给了我一个int.我如何获得保证为32位的数字？我查看了这个字符串修饰符和其他一些地方的页面,但没有提到这些类型定义的数字类型.

编辑:自从收到我的问题的答案后,我做了一些谷歌搜索并找到了这个.我将它包括在下面以供参考.

uppercase hexadecimal printf format for uintptr_t

#define SCNd16   "d"
decimal scanf format for int16_t

#define SCNd32   "ld"
decimal scanf format for int32_t

#define SCNd8   "hhd"
decimal scanf format for int8_t

#define SCNdFAST16   "d"
decimal scanf format for int_fast16_t

#define SCNdFAST32   "ld"
decimal scanf format for int_fast32_t

#define SCNdFAST8   "hhd"
decimal scanf format for int_fast8_t

#define SCNdLEAST16   "d"
decimal scanf format for int_least16_t

#define SCNdLEAST32   "ld"
decimal scanf format for int_least32_t

#define SCNdLEAST8   "hhd"
decimal scanf format for int_least8_t

#define SCNdPTR   SCNd16
decimal scanf format for intptr_t

#define SCNi16   "i"
generic-integer scanf format for int16_t

#define SCNi32   "li"
generic-integer scanf format for int32_t

#define SCNi8   "hhi"
generic-integer scanf format for int8_t

#define SCNiFAST16   "i"
generic-integer scanf format for int_fast16_t

#define SCNiFAST32   "li"
generic-integer scanf format for int_fast32_t

#define SCNiFAST8   "hhi"
generic-integer scanf format for int_fast8_t

#define SCNiLEAST16   "i"
generic-integer scanf format for int_least16_t

#define SCNiLEAST32   "li"
generic-integer scanf format for int_least32_t

#define SCNiLEAST8   "hhi"
generic-integer scanf format for int_least8_t

#define SCNiPTR   SCNi16
generic-integer scanf format for intptr_t

#define SCNo16   "o"
octal scanf format for uint16_t

#define SCNo32   "lo"
octal scanf format for uint32_t

#define SCNo8   "hho"
octal scanf format for uint8_t

#define SCNoFAST16   "o"
octal scanf format for uint_fast16_t

#define SCNoFAST32   "lo"
octal scanf format for uint_fast32_t

#define SCNoFAST8   "hho"
octal scanf format for uint_fast8_t

#define SCNoLEAST16   "o"
octal scanf format for uint_least16_t

#define SCNoLEAST32   "lo"
octal scanf format for uint_least32_t

#define SCNoLEAST8   "hho"
octal scanf format for uint_least8_t

#define SCNoPTR   SCNo16
octal scanf format for uintptr_t

#define SCNu16   "u"
decimal scanf format for uint16_t

#define SCNu32   "lu"
decimal scanf format for uint32_t

#define SCNu8   "hhu"
decimal scanf format for uint8_t

#define SCNuFAST16   "u"
decimal scanf format for uint_fast16_t

#define SCNuFAST32   "lu"
decimal scanf format for uint_fast32_t

#define SCNuFAST8   "hhu"
decimal scanf format for uint_fast8_t

#define SCNuLEAST16   "u"
decimal scanf format for uint_least16_t

#define SCNuLEAST32   "lu"
decimal scanf format for uint_least32_t

#define SCNuLEAST8   "hhu"
decimal scanf format for uint_least8_t

#define SCNuPTR   SCNu16
decimal scanf format for uintptr_t

#define SCNx16   "x"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint16_t

#define SCNx32   "lx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint32_t

#define SCNx8   "hhx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint8_t

#define SCNxFAST16   "x"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_fast16_t

#define SCNxFAST32   "lx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_fast32_t

#define SCNxFAST8   "hhx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_fast8_t

#define SCNxLEAST16   "x"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_least16_t

#define SCNxLEAST32   "lx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_least32_t

#define SCNxLEAST8   "hhx"
hexadecimal scanf format for uint_least8_t

#define SCNxPTR   SCNx16
hexadecimal scanf format for uintptr_t

Answer 1

对于那些需要从使用宏inttypes.h如SCNd64或SCNu32等.

scanf("%" SCNd32, &x);