如何以编程方式截取屏幕截图？

Question

如何通过任何程序而不是代码来截取手机屏幕的选定区域？

Answer 1

这是允许我的屏幕截图存储在SD卡上的代码,以后用于满足您的任何需求:

首先,您需要添加适当的权限来保存文件:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

这是代码(在Activity中运行):

private void takeScreenshot() {
    Date now = new Date();
    android.text.format.DateFormat.format("yyyy-MM-dd_hh:mm:ss", now);

    try {
        // image naming and path  to include sd card  appending name you choose for file
        String mPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/" + now + ".jpg";

        // create bitmap screen capture
        View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
        v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v1.getDrawingCache());
        v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);

        File imageFile = new File(mPath);

        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
        int quality = 100;
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, quality, outputStream);
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();

        openScreenshot(imageFile);
    } catch (Throwable e) {
        // Several error may come out with file handling or DOM
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

这就是你打开最近生成的图像的方法:

private void openScreenshot(File imageFile) {
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(imageFile);
    intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
    startActivity(intent);
}

如果要在片段视图上使用它,请使用:

View v1 = getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();

代替

View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();

on takeScreenshot()函数

注意:

如果对话框包含曲面视图,则此解决方案不起作用.有关详细信息,请检查以下问题的答案:

Android截图表面视图显示黑屏

Answer 2

调用此方法,传入您想要屏幕截图的最外层ViewGroup:

public Bitmap screenShot(View view) {
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(),
            view.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
    view.draw(canvas);
    return bitmap;
}

Answer 3

注意:仅适用于root电话

以编程方式,您可以运行adb shell /system/bin/screencap -p /sdcard/img.png如下

Process sh = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su", null,null);
OutputStream os = sh.getOutputStream();
os.write(("/system/bin/screencap -p " + "/sdcard/img.png").getBytes("ASCII"));
os.flush();
os.close();
sh.waitFor();    

然后读取img.png的Bitmap和你的愿望使用.

Answer 4

编辑:怜悯downvotes.2010年,当我回答这个问题时,情况确实如此.

所有允许截图的程序仅适用于有根电话.

Answer 5

此方法不需要root权限或不需要大编码.

在使用以下命令的adb shell上,您可以拍摄屏幕截图.

input keyevent 120

这个命令不需要任何root权限,所以你也可以从android应用程序的java代码执行.

Process process;
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("input keyevent 120");

有关android中keyevent代码的更多信息,请参阅http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html

我们在这里使用过. KEYCODE_SYSRQ其值为120,用于系统请求/打印屏幕键.

正如CJBS所说,输出图片将保存在/ sdcard/Pictures/Screenshots中

Answer 6

Mualig的回答非常好,但我有同样的问题Ewoks描述,我没有得到背景.所以有时候足够好,有时我会在黑色背景上得到黑色文字(取决于主题).

这个解决方案主要基于Mualig代码和我在Robotium中找到的代码.我通过直接调用draw方法来放弃使用绘图缓存.在此之前,我将尝试从当前活动中获取可绘制的背景以首先绘制它.

// Some constants
final static String SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/screenshots/";

// Get device dimmensions
Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
Point size = new Point();
display.getSize(size);

// Get root view
View view = mCurrentUrlMask.getRootView();

// Create the bitmap to use to draw the screenshot
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(size.x, size.y, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444);
final Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

// Get current theme to know which background to use
final Activity activity = getCurrentActivity();
final Theme theme = activity.getTheme();
final TypedArray ta = theme
    .obtainStyledAttributes(new int[] { android.R.attr.windowBackground });
final int res = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
final Drawable background = activity.getResources().getDrawable(res);

// Draw background
background.draw(canvas);

// Draw views
view.draw(canvas);

// Save the screenshot to the file system
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
    final File sddir = new File(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS);
    if (!sddir.exists()) {
        sddir.mkdirs();
    }
    fos = new FileOutputStream(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS
            + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
    if (fos != null) {
        if (!bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fos)) {
            Log.d(LOGTAG, "Compress/Write failed");
        }
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    }

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}

Answer 7

private void captureScreen() {
    View v = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
    Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getDrawingCache());
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
    try {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(Environment
                .getExternalStorageDirectory().toString(), "SCREEN"
                + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"));
        bmp.compress(CompressFormat.PNG, 100, fos);
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

在清单中添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

如需支持Marshmallow或更高版本,请在活动onCreate方法中添加以下代码

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},00);

Answer 8

作为参考,捕获屏幕(而不仅仅是您的应用程序活动)的一种方法是捕获帧缓冲区(设备/ dev/graphics/fb0).要执行此操作,您必须具有root权限,或者您的应用必须是具有签名权限的应用程序("仅当请求的应用程序使用与声明权限的应用程序相同的证书进行签名时,系统才授予的权限") - 这是除非你编译自己的ROM,否则不太可能.

每一帧缓冲区捕捉,从一对夫妇我已经测试设备,包含正好一个屏幕截图.人们已经报道它包含更多,我想这取决于帧/显示尺寸.

我试图连续读取帧缓冲区,但似乎返回固定数量的字节读取.在我的情况下是(3 410 432)字节,这足以存储854*480 RGBA(3 279 360字节)的显示帧.是的,从fb0输出的二进制帧是我设备中的RGBA.这很可能取决于设备.这对你解码它很重要=)

在我的设备/ dev/graphics/fb0中,权限是只有root和组图形用户才能读取fb0.

graphics是一个受限制的组,因此您可能只使用su命令使用root电话访问fb0.

Android应用具有用户ID(uid)= app _ ##和组ID(guid)= app _ ##.

adb shell有uid = shell和guid = shell,它拥有比应用程序更多的权限.您可以在/system/permissions/platform.xml中实际检查这些权限

这意味着您将能够在没有root的情况下读取adb shell中的fb0,但是如果没有root,您将无法在app中读取它.

此外,在AndroidManifest.xml上提供READ_FRAME_BUFFER和/或ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER权限对常规应用程序无效,因为这些仅适用于" 签名 "应用程序.

还要检查此关闭的线程以获取更多详细信

Answer 9

我的解决方案是:

public static Bitmap loadBitmapFromView(Context context, View v) {
    DisplayMetrics dm = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); 
    v.measure(MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.widthPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY),
            MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.heightPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY));
    v.layout(0, 0, v.getMeasuredWidth(), v.getMeasuredHeight());
    Bitmap returnedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),
            v.getMeasuredHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas c = new Canvas(returnedBitmap);
    v.draw(c);

    return returnedBitmap;
}

和

public void takeScreen() {
    Bitmap bitmap = ImageUtils.loadBitmapFromView(this, view); //get Bitmap from the view
    String mPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "screen_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpeg";
    File imageFile = new File(mPath);
    OutputStream fout = null;
    try {
        fout = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fout);
        fout.flush();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        fout.close();
    }
}

图像保存在外部存储文件夹中.

Answer 10

您可以尝试使用以下库:http: //code.google.com/p/android-screenshot-library/ Android屏幕截图库(ASL)支持以编程方式从Android设备捕获屏幕截图,而无需具有root访问权限.相反,ASL使用在后台运行的本机服务,每次设备启动时通过Android调试桥(ADB)启动一次.

Answer 11

根据以上@JustinMorris和@NiravDangi的答案/sf/answers/595347091/,我们必须获取视图的背景和前景并将它们组装成如下:

public static Bitmap takeScreenshot(View view, Bitmap.Config quality) {
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), quality);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

    Drawable backgroundDrawable = view.getBackground();
    if (backgroundDrawable != null) {
        backgroundDrawable.draw(canvas);
    } else {
        canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
    }
    view.draw(canvas);

    return bitmap;
}

quality参数采用Bitmap.Config的常量,通常为Bitmap.Config.RGB_565或Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888.

Answer 12

public class ScreenShotActivity extends Activity{

private RelativeLayout relativeLayout;
private Bitmap myBitmap;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    relativeLayout = (RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id.relative1);
    relativeLayout.post(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {

            //take screenshot
            myBitmap = captureScreen(relativeLayout);

            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot captured..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

            try {
                if(myBitmap!=null){
                    //save image to SD card
                    saveImage(myBitmap);
                }
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot saved..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    });

}

public static Bitmap captureScreen(View v) {

    Bitmap screenshot = null;
    try {

        if(v!=null) {

            screenshot = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),v.getMeasuredHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
            Canvas canvas = new Canvas(screenshot);
            v.draw(canvas);
        }

    }catch (Exception e){
        Log.d("ScreenShotActivity", "Failed to capture screenshot because:" + e.getMessage());
    }

    return screenshot;
}

public static void saveImage(Bitmap bitmap) throws IOException{

    ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 40, bytes);
    File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "test.png");
    f.createNewFile();
    FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(f);
    fo.write(bytes.toByteArray());
    fo.close();
}

}

添加许可

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

Answer 13

这个问题的大部分答案都使用Canvas绘图方法或绘图缓存方法。但是，该View.setDrawingCache()方法在 API 28 中已弃用。目前推荐的用于制作屏幕截图的 API 是PixelCopyAPI 24 中可用的类（但接受Window参数的方法可从 API 26 == Android 8.0 Oreo 中获得）。这是用于检索 a 的示例 Kotlin 代码Bitmap：

@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
fun saveScreenshot(view: View) {
    val window = (view.context as Activity).window
    if (window != null) {
        val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.width, view.height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
        val locationOfViewInWindow = IntArray(2)
        view.getLocationInWindow(locationOfViewInWindow)
        try {
            PixelCopy.request(window, Rect(locationOfViewInWindow[0], locationOfViewInWindow[1], locationOfViewInWindow[0] + view.width, locationOfViewInWindow[1] + view.height), bitmap, { copyResult ->
                if (copyResult == PixelCopy.SUCCESS) {
                    saveBitmap(bitmap)
                }
                // possible to handle other result codes ...
            }, Handler())
        } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
            // PixelCopy may throw IllegalArgumentException, make sure to handle it
        }
    }
}

Answer 14

你可以尝试做这样的事情,

通过执行类似首先setDrawingCacheEnabled获得布局(线性布局或相对布局或视图)的方式从布局或视图中获取位图缓存

然后

Bitmap bm = layout.getDrawingCache()

然后用位图做任何你想做的事.将其转换为图像文件,或将位图的uri发送到其他地方.

Answer 15

我创建了一个简单的库,它从a获取屏幕截图,View并为您提供Bitmap对象或将其直接保存到您想要的任何路径

https://github.com/abdallahalaraby/Blink

Answer 16

对于那些想要捕获GLSurfaceView的人来说,getDrawingCache或绘图到画布方法将不起作用.

渲染帧后,您必须阅读OpenGL帧缓冲区的内容.这是一个很好的答案在这里

Answer 17

简短的方法是

FrameLayout layDraw = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.layDraw); /*Your root view to be part of screenshot*/
layDraw.buildDrawingCache();
Bitmap bmp = layDraw.getDrawingCache();

Answer 18

如果您想从中截取屏幕截图，请fragment 按照以下步骤操作：

1. 覆盖 onCreateView()：

            @Override
           public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                                    Bundle savedInstanceState) {
               // Inflate the layout for this fragment
               View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_one, container, false);
               mView = view;
           }
   

2. 截屏逻辑：

    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        View view =  mView.findViewById(R.id.scrollView1);
         shareScreenShotM(view, (NestedScrollView) view); 
    }
   

3. 方法shareScreenShotM)()：

   public void shareScreenShotM(View view, NestedScrollView scrollView){
   
        bm = takeScreenShot(view,scrollView);  //method to take screenshot
       File file = savePic(bm);  // method to save screenshot in phone.
       }
   

4. 方法 takeScreenShot():

            public Bitmap takeScreenShot(View u, NestedScrollView z){
   
               u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
               int totalHeight = z.getChildAt(0).getHeight();
               int totalWidth = z.getChildAt(0).getWidth();
   
               Log.d("yoheight",""+ totalHeight);
               Log.d("yowidth",""+ totalWidth);
               u.layout(0, 0, totalWidth, totalHeight);
               u.buildDrawingCache();
               Bitmap b = Bitmap.createBitmap(u.getDrawingCache());
               u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
               u.destroyDrawingCache();
                return b;
           }
   

5. 方法 savePic():

    public static File savePic(Bitmap bm){
   
           ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
           bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);
            File sdCardDirectory =  new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/Foldername");
   
          if (!sdCardDirectory.exists()) {
               sdCardDirectory.mkdirs();
         }
          //  File file = new File(dir, fileName);
         try {
            file = new File(sdCardDirectory, Calendar.getInstance()
               .getTimeInMillis() + ".jpg");
           file.createNewFile();
           new FileOutputStream(file).write(bytes.toByteArray());
           Log.d("Fabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + file.getAbsolutePath());
            Log.d("Sabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + sdCardDirectory.getAbsolutePath());
        } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
        return file;
      }
   

对于活动，您可以简单地使用View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();代替mView

Answer 19

只是扩展taraloca的答案。您必须添加以下行才能使其工作。我已将图像名称设为静态。请确保您使用 taraloca 的时间戳变量，以防您需要动态图像名称。

    // Storage Permissions
private static final int REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
private static String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};

private void verifyStoragePermissions() {
    // Check if we have write permission
    int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

    if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // We don't have permission so prompt the user
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS_STORAGE, REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
    }else{
        takeScreenshot();
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) {
            takeScreenshot();
        }
    }
}

在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中必须有以下条目：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />