JQuery ajax调用httpget webmethod(c#)无法正常工作

Question

我试图让ajax得到一个代码背后的webmethod.问题是我一直从jQuery onfail方法得到错误"parserror" .

如果我将GET更改为POST,一切正常.请参阅下面的代码.

Ajax Call

<script type="text/javascript">
        var id = "li1234";

        function AjaxGet() {
            $.ajax({
                type: "GET",
                url: "webmethods.aspx/AjaxGet",
                data: "{ 'id' : '" + id + "'}",
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                async: false,
                success: function(msg) {
                    alert("success");

                },
                error: function(msg, text) {
                    alert(text);
                }
            });
        }

    </script>

代码背后

[System.Web.Services.WebMethod]
[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true,
    ResponseFormat = System.Web.Script.Services.ResponseFormat.Json)] 
public static string AjaxGet(string id)
{
    return id;
}

Web.config文件

        <webServices>
            <protocols>
                <add name="HttpGet"/>
            </protocols>
        </webServices>

正在使用的URL

......../webmethods.aspx/AjaxGet {%20%27id%27%20:%20%27li1234%27}？

作为响应的一部分,它返回页面webmethods的html.

任何帮助将不胜感激.

Answer 1

在我可以说之前,你选择的不是最简单的方法.ScriptMethods易于与ASP.NET ScriptManager一起使用,而不是与jQuery一起使用.我建议您最好使用支持JSON的WCF HTTP服务(更好的是作为RESTfull服务)而不是您现在尝试使用的ASMX Web服务.然而,人们可以在不使用客户端的任何Microsoft技术的情况下使代码工作.

首先验证服务器端.

1. 将webmethods.aspx重命名为webmethods.asmx.

2. 验证您是否放置了\的内部,并且配置中也存在asmx扩展名(ScriptHandlerFactory)的httpHandlers:

   <configuration>
     <!-- ... -->
     <system.web>
       <webServices>
         <protocols>
           <add name="HttpGet"/>
         </protocols>
       </webServices>
       <httpHandlers>
         <!-- ... -->
         <add verb="*" path="*.asmx"
              type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory"
              validate="false"/>
       </httpHandlers></system.web></configuration>
   

3. 验证为继承自System.Web.Services.WebService的类设置的[ScriptService]属性(如果您喜欢全名,请为[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]).

现在您可以测试该服务.在您的Web浏览器URL中打开,如http://localhost/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet？id = li1234 如果您收到类似的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<string xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">li1234</string>

您可以确定您的维修部件工作正常.

备注:如果未在请求中设置"Content-Type:application/json;",则将"ResponseFormat = System.Web.Script.Services.ResponseFormat.Json"属性与"XML响应"相关联.

现在我们将修复客户端代码.我希望我在下面的代码中提出的评论解释了所有.

还有一个小小的评论.在代码的最后一部分,我称之为"复杂"的Web方法:

[WebMethod]
[ScriptMethod (UseHttpGet = true, ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Json)]
public OutputData AjaxGetMore (InputData input) {
    return new OutputData () {
        id = input.id,
        message = "it's work!",
        myInt = input.myInt+1
    };
}

哪里

public class OutputData {
    public string id { get; set; }
    public string message { get; set; }
    public int myInt { get; set; }
}
public class InputData {
    public string id { get; set; }
    public int myInt { get; set; }
}

现在只有JavaScript代码在某些地方使用JSON插件,如果有人喜欢它,可以用Crockford的json2.js替换.

var id = "li1234";
// version 1 - works
var idAsJson = '"' + id + '"';  // string serializes in JSON format
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet?id=" + idAsJson,
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        alert(msg.d);   // var msg = {d: "li1234"} 
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});

// version 2 with respect of JSON plugin
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet?id=" + $.toJSON(id),
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        alert(msg.d);   // var msg = {d: "li1234"} 
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});
// version 3 where jQuery will construct URL for us
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet",
    data: {id: $.toJSON(id)},
    dataType: "json",
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        alert(msg.d);   // var msg = {d: "li1234"} 
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});
// version 4. We set "Content-Type: application/json" about our data, but we use no 
//            not 'dataType: "json"' parameter. Then we have "Accept: */*" in the request
//            instead of "Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*" before.
//            Everithing work OK like before.
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet",
    data: {id: $.toJSON(id)},
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        alert(msg.d);   // var msg = {d: "li1234"} 
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});
// version 5. If we don't place "Content-Type: application/json" in our reqest we
//            receive back XML (!!!) response with "HTTP/1.1 200 OK" header and 
//            "Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8" which will be placed.
//            How one can read in
// http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2007/04/04/json-hijacking-and-how-asp-net-ajax-1-0-mitigates-these-attacks.aspx),
//             ASP.NET AJAX will not make JSON serialized of response data for
//             security reasons.
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGet",
    data: {id: $.toJSON(id)},
    dataType: "json",
    //contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        alert(msg.d);   // var msg = {d: "li1234"} 
    },
    error: function (res, status, ex) {
        // the code here will be works because of error in parsing server response
        if (res.status !== 200) {   // if not OK
            // we receive exception in the next line, be
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        } else {
            alert("status=" + status + "\nex=" + ex + "\nres.status=" + res.status + "\nres.statusText=" + res.statusText +
                    "\nres.responseText=" + res.responseText);
        }
    }
});
// version 6. Send more komplex data to/from the service
var myData = { id: "li1234", myInt: 100}
$.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "/webmethods.asmx/AjaxGetMore",
    data: {input:$.toJSON(myData)},
    dataType: "json",
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    success: function(msg) {
        // var msg = {__type: "Testportal.OutputData", id: "li1234", message: "it's work!", myInt:101}
        alert("message=" + msg.d.message + ", id=" + msg.d.id + ", myInt=" + msg.d.myInt); 
    },
    error: function(res, status) {
        if (status ==="error") {
            // errorMessage can be an object with 3 string properties: ExceptionType, Message and StackTrace
            var errorMessage = $.parseJSON(res.responseText);
            alert(errorMessage.Message);
        }
    }
});

Answer 2

我来这里是为了寻找答案...对于其他人，这就是答案。

出于安全原因，ASP.Net AJAX 页面方法仅支持 POST 请求。

（来自/sf/answers/167826501/）