如何在 Python 中运行后台计时器

Question

我目前正在制作一个数学游戏，用户有 60 秒的时间来回答尽可能多的问题。到目前为止，除了计时器应该倒计时到 0 或计数到 60 然后停止游戏之外，我一切正常。现在，我将计时器设置为 time.clock() 以计数到 60，当计时器小于该值时，游戏将继续运行。然而，出于某种原因， time.clock() 并没有像我期望的那样工作。我还尝试同时运行两个 while 循环，但也没有用。任何人都可以帮助我吗？只是寻找一种在后台运行计时器的方法。

这是我的代码：

    score = 0
    timer = time.clock()
    lives = 3

    while timer < 60 and lives > 0:
        if score >= 25:
            x = random.randint(-100,100)
            y = random.randint(-100,100)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
        elif score >= 20:
            x = random.randint(-75,75)
            y = random.randint(-75,75)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
        elif score >= 15:
            x = random.randint(-50,50)
            y = random.randint(-50,50)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
        elif score >= 10:
            x = random.randint(-25,25)
            y = random.randint(-25,25)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
        elif score >= 5:
            x = random.randint(-10,10)
            y = random.randint(-10,10)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
        elif score >= 0:
            x = random.randint(-5,5)
            y = random.randint(-5,5)
            answer = int(raw_input("What is %d + %d? " % (x,y)))
            if answer == x + y:
                print "Correct!"
                score += 1
            else:
                print "Wrong!"
                lives -= 1
    if lives == 0:
        print "Oh no! You ran out of lives! Your score was %d." % score
    elif timer == 60:
        print "Time's up! Your score is %d." % score
else:
    print "Goodbye!"

Answer 1

使用time.time()，它返回纪元时间（即自 1970 年 1 月 1 日UNIX 时间以来的秒数）。您可以将其与开始时间进行比较以获取秒数：

start = time.time()
while time.time() - start < 60:
    # stuff

您可以让计时器在任何时候（即使用户正在输入信息）通过信号将您从代码中拉出，但这有点复杂。一种方法是使用信号库：

import signal
def timeout_handler(signal, frame):
    raise Exception('Time is up!')
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler)

这定义了一个引发异常并在超时发生时调用的函数。现在您可以将 while 循环放入 try catch 块中并设置计时器：

signal.alarm(60)
try:
    while lives > 0
        # stuff
except:
    # print score