Mongodb同时聚合(计数)多个字段

Question

我有文件看起来像这样:

{
    "_id" : "someuniqueeventid",
    "event" : "event_type_1",
    "date" : ISODate("2014-01-14T00:00:00Z"),
}

我想按" event" 进行分组,并计算每周每天发生的事件类型的数量.基本上,我希望得到类似的东西:

{
    "_id": "event_type_1",
    "1": "number of event_type_1 for Monday",
    "2": "number of event_type_1 for Tuesday",
    ...
},
{
    "_id": "event_type_2",
    ...
}

不幸的是,我坚持:

db.data.aggregate([ {$project: {date_of_week: {$dayOfWeek: "$date"}, event: "$event"}}, 
                    {$group: {_id: "$event", .... } ])

有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

聚合框架不会根据数据创建密钥,也不应该这样做,因为"数据"不是密钥而是实际数据,因此您应该坚持使用该模式.

这意味着你基本上可以这样做:

db.data.aggregate([
    { "$group": {
        "_id": {
            "event_type": "$event",
            "day": { "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }
        },
        "count": { "$sum": 1 } 
    }}
])

这将计算每个事件每周的每周发生次数,尽管在输出中有多个文档,但每个事件很容易更改为单个文档:

db.data.aggregate([
    { "$group": {
        "_id": {
            "event_type": "$event",
            "day": { "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }
        },
        "count": { "$sum": 1 } 
    }},
    { "$group": {
        "_id": "$_id.event_type",
        "days": { "$push": { "day": "$_id.day", "count": "$count" } }
    }}
])

这是一个数组形式,但它仍然保留您想要的结果.

如果你真的想做你的确切形式,那么你想做这样的事情:

db.data.aggregate([
    { "$group": {
        "_id": "$event",
        "1": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 1 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "2": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 2 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "3": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 3 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "4": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 4 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "5": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 5 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "6": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 6 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        },
        "7": {
            "$sum": {
                "$cond": [
                    { "$eq": [{ "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 7 ] },
                    1,
                    0
                ]
            }
        }
    }}
)

但这真的很长,所以恕我直言,我会坚持使用第一个或第二个解决方案,因为它们更短,更容易阅读.

Answer 2

使用 MongoDb 3.4.4 及更高版本，您可以利用$arrayToObject运算符来获取计数。您需要运行以下聚合管道：

db.data.aggregate([
    { 
        "$group": {
            "_id": {
                "event": "$event",
                "day": { "$substr": [ { "$dayOfWeek": "$date" }, 0, -1 ] }
            },
            "count": { "$sum": 1 }
        }
    },
    { 
        "$group": {
            "_id": "$_id.event",
            "counts": {
                "$push": {
                    "k": "$_id.day",
                    "v": "$count"
                }
            }
        }
    },
    { 
        "$project": {
            "counts": { "$arrayToObject": "$counts" }
        } 
    }    
])