如何在Laravel之外使用Laravel的IOC容器进行方法注入

Question

简短的说明:我无法使用composer(https://packagist.org/packages/illuminate/container)安装Laravel容器进行方法注入.仅当在对象的构造函数中使用时,注入才有效.例如:

class SomeClass {
    function __construct(InjectedClassWorksHere $obj) {}
    function someFunction(InjectedClassFailsHere $obj) {}
}

长话故事:我正在考虑重新考虑使用Laravel的一个重大项目,但由于业务压力,我无法投入我想要的时间.为了不让"宝宝带着洗澡水",我正在使用各个Laravel组件来提升旧分支中开发的代码的优雅.在评估Laravel时我最喜欢的一种新技术是依赖注入的概念.我很高兴后来发现我可以使用Laravel项目的外部.我现在有这个工作,一切都很好,除了在线发现的容器的开发版本似乎不支持方法注入.

有没有其他人能够让容器工作并在Laravel项目之外进行方法注入？

我的方法到目前为止......

composer.json

"illuminate/support": "5.0.*@dev",
"illuminate/container": "5.0.*@dev",

应用程序引导代码:

use Illuminate\Container\Container;

$container = new Container();
$container->bind('app', self::$container); //not sure if this is necessary

$dispatcher = $container->make('MyCustomDispatcher');
$dispatcher->call('some URL params to find controller');

有了上面的内容,我可以注入我的控制器的构造函数,但不能注入它们的方法方法.我错过了什么？

完整源代码...(C:\ workspace\LMS> php cmd\test_container.php)

<?php

// This sets up my include path and calls the composer autoloader
require_once "bare_init.php";

use Illuminate\Container\Container;
use Illuminate\Support\ClassLoader;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade;

// Get a reference to the root of the includes directory
$basePath = dirname(dirname(__FILE__));

ClassLoader::register();
ClassLoader::addDirectories([
    $basePath
]);

$container = new Container();
$container->bind('app', $container);
$container->bind('path.base', $basePath);

class One {
    public $two;
    public $say = 'hi';
    function __construct(Two $two) {
        $this->two = $two;
    }
}

Class Two {
    public $some = 'thing';
    public function doStuff(One $one) {
        return $one->say;
    }
}

/* @var $one One */
$one = $container->make(One);
var_dump($one);
print $one->two->doStuff();

当我运行上述内容时,我得到......

C:\workspace\LMS>php cmd\test_container.php
object(One)#9 (2) {
  ["two"]=>
  object(Two)#11 (1) {
    ["some"]=>
    string(5) "thing"
  }
  ["say"]=>
  string(2) "hi"
}

PHP Catchable fatal error:  Argument 1 passed to Two::doStuff() must be an instance of One, none 
given, called in C:\workspace\LMS\cmd\test_container.php on line 41
and defined in C:\workspace\LMS\cmd\test_container.php on line 33

Catchable fatal error: Argument 1 passed to Two::doStuff() must be an instance of One, none  
given, called in C:\workspace\LMS\cmd\test_container.php on line 41 and
defined in C:\workspace\LMS\cmd\test_container.php on line 33

或者,一个更基本的例子,说明注入在构造函数中工作但不是方法...

class One {
    function __construct(Two $two) {}
    public function doStuff(Three $three) {}
}

class Two {}
class Three {}

$one = $container->make(One); // totally fine. Injection works
$one->doStuff(); // Throws Exception. (sad trombone)

Answer 1

只需将实例传递给One您的电话Two:

$one = $container->make('One');
var_dump($one);
print $one->two->doStuff($one);

返回...

object(One)#8 (2) {
  ["two"]=>
  object(Two)#10 (1) {
    ["some"]=>
    string(5) "thing"
  }
  ["say"]=>
  string(2) "hi"
}
hi

更新:进一步研究后纠正了答案

如下所述,在Laravel 5.0中,方法注入仅适用于路由和控制器.所以你也可以把它们拉进你的项目中,并在这个过程中获得更多的Laravel-y.这是如何做:

在composer.json,需要添加illuminate/routing和illuminate/events:

{
    "require-dev": {
        "illuminate/contracts": "5.0.*@dev",
        "illuminate/support": "5.0.*@dev",
        "illuminate/container": "5.0.*@dev",
        "illuminate/routing": "5.0.*@dev",
        "illuminate/events": "5.0.*@dev"
    },
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/"
        }
    },
    "minimum-stability": "dev",
    "prefer-stable": true
}

在routing.php,设置Laravel的路由和控制器服务:

/**
 * routing.php
 *
 * Sets up Laravel's routing and controllers
 *
 * adapted from http://www.gufran.me/post/laravel-components
 * and http://www.gufran.me/post/laravel-illuminate-router-package-in-your-application
 */
$basePath = str_finish(dirname(__FILE__), '/app/');

$controllersDirectory = $basePath . 'Controllers';

// Register directories into the autoloader
Illuminate\Support\ClassLoader::register();
Illuminate\Support\ClassLoader::addDirectories($controllersDirectory);

// Instantiate the container
$app = new Illuminate\Container\Container();
$app['env'] = 'production';

$app->bind('app', $app); // optional
$app->bind('path.base', $basePath); // optional

// Register service providers
with (new Illuminate\Events\EventServiceProvider($app))->register();
with (new Illuminate\Routing\RoutingServiceProvider($app))->register();

require $basePath . 'routes.php';

$request = Illuminate\Http\Request::createFromGlobals();
$response = $app['router']->dispatch($request);
$response->send();

在Controllers/One.php,创建类作为控制器,所以我们可以使用L5的方法注入:

/**
 * Controllers/One.php
 */
Class One extends Illuminate\Routing\Controller {
    public $some = 'thingOne';
    public $two;
    public $three;

    function __construct(Two $two) {
        $this->two = $two;
        echo('<pre>');
        var_dump ($two);
        echo ($two->doStuffWithTwo().'<br><br>');
    } 

    public function doStuff(Three $three) {
        var_dump ($three);
        return ($three->doStuffWithThree());
    }
}

在routes.php,定义我们的测试路线:

$app['router']->get('/', 'One@dostuff');

最后,在index.php,启动所有内容并定义我们的类来测试依赖注入:

/**
 * index.php
 */

// turn on error reporting
ini_set('display_errors',1);  
error_reporting(E_ALL);

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
require 'routing.php';

// the classes we wish to inject
Class Two {
    public $some = 'thing Two';
    public function doStuffWithTwo() {
        return ('Doing stuff with Two');
    }
}
Class Three {
    public $some = 'thing Three';
    public function doStuffWithThree() {
        return ('Doing stuff with Three');
    }
}

点击index.php,你应该得到这个:

object(Two)#40 (1) {
  ["some"]=>
  string(9) "thing Two"
}
Doing stuff with Two

object(Three)#41 (1) {
  ["some"]=>
  string(11) "thing Three"
}
Doing stuff with Three

一些笔记......

• 没有必要明确地绑定类.Laravel负责这件事.
• 现在您可以获得Laravel的路由和控制器的额外奖励
• 这是有效的,因为现在我们不必调用$one->doStuff();,抛出异常的空参数(因为doStuff期望一个实例).相反,路由器doStuff为我们调用并解析IoC容器.
• 感谢http://www.gufran.me/post/laravel-illuminate-router-package-in-your-application这将引导您完成这一切,并且这似乎是马特斯托弗的项目上面提到的灵感.两者都非常酷,值得一读.