bash输出到csv列

Question

大编辑以便更好地理解:bash是否有可能将我的输出(行)放入csv文件中的列(关于以下挑战).

我的剧本:

#!/bin/bash

## get ports, status, vlan

devices=`ls *.txt`

for device in $devices
do
        output=`echo $device | awk -F"." {'print $1'}`
        echo "Port;Status;VLAN\r" > $output".csv"

        port=`cat $device | awk 'BEGIN {OFS=";"}; /Fa[0-9]|Gi[0-9]|Te[0-9]/ && /disabled|connected/ {print $1}'`
        stat=`cat $device | awk 'BEGIN {OFS=";"}; /Fa[0-9]|Gi[0-9]|Te[0-9]/ && /disabled|connected/ {print $0}' | awk 'match($0,"connected|disabled.*"){print substr($0,RSTART)}' | awk '{print $1}'`
        vlan=`cat $device | awk 'BEGIN {OFS=";"}; /Fa[0-9]|Gi[0-9]|Te[0-9]/ && /disabled|connected/ {print $0}' | awk 'match($0,"connected|disabled.*"){print substr($0,RSTART)}' | awk '{print $2}'`


        var=$(paste -d, <(echo "$port") <(echo "$stat") <(echo "$vlan"))
        echo "$var" >> output."csv"
done

.

<input-file.txt>
Port      Name               Status       Vlan       Duplex  Speed Type
Fa0/1                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/2                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/3                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/4                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/5                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/6                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/7                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/8                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/9                        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/10    xxxx-xxx-xxx 0004. connected    3            full    100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/11    xxxx-xxx-xxx bge0  connected    3          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/12    xxxx-xxx-xxx iLO   connected    2          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/13    xxxx-xxx-xxx bge0  connected    2          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/14                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/15    xxxx-xxx-vpn bge0  connected    4          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/16    xxxx-xxx-vpn ilO   connected    2          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/17    xxxx-xxx xx.xx.xx. connected    2          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/18    xxxxxx-xxx1        connected    2          a-full  a-100 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/19                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/20                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/21    xxxxx-xxxxx        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/22    xxxxxx-xxx         disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/23    xxxx-xxx           disabled     2            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/24    xxxxxx-xxxx        disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/25                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/26                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/27                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/28                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/29                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/30                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/31                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/32                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/33                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/34                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/35                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/36                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/37                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/38                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/39                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/40                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/41                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/42                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/43                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/44                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/45                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/46                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/47                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Fa0/48                       disabled     1            auto   auto 10/100BaseTX
Gi0/1     Xxxxxxxx Xxxxx xx  connected    trunk      a-full a-1000 10/100/1000BaseTX SFP
Gi0/2     Xxxxx xxxxxxx Xxx  connected    trunk      a-full a-1000 1000BaseSX SFP
Gi0/3                        disabled     1            auto   auto Not Present
Gi0/4                        disabled     1            auto   auto Not Present

脚本输出的结果应该是:

<output.csv>
| Port   | Status    | VLAN |
| Fa0/1  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/2  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/3  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/4  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/5  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/6  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/7  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/8  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/9  | disabled  |  1   |
| Fa0/10 | connected |  3   |
and so on

问题:尝试"粘贴"命令后(感谢大家)..我收到以下错误:语法错误:"("意外

Answer 1

假设您有GNU awk,循环中的行可以压缩为这样的:

awk 'BEGIN{FIELDWIDTHS = "10 18 13 11"}{printf "| %s | %s | %s |\n", $1,$3,$4}' "$device"

如果你有一个不同的awk,命令会更复杂,但仍然可以在一个awk语句中做你想要的.

你尝试的一些要点:

• 确保在脚本中使用变量引用("$details"而不是使用$details),因为这可以保护您免受文件名中的空格引起的整类错误.
• 您无需使用cat将文件的内容传递给awk.cat由于大多数程序在其参数中接受文件的名称,因此很少需要一般地使用此类事物.如果他们不这样做,你总是可以使用program < filename而不是cat filename | program.
• 使用ls是多余的(并且可能容易出现由名称尴尬的文件引起的错误).使用它会好得多for device in *.txt; 做......`

作为最后一点,要小心谨慎地考虑一个问题的解决方案,然后询问如何实现它.根据各种工具的经验,其他人可以更容易地为更一般的问题提出最佳解决方案.在这种情况下,最终答案与您原始问题的答案非常不同!我现在把它留在下面.

如果你没有GNU awk,请告诉我,我会更新我的答案.

我想你可能正在寻找这个paste命令

paste file.txt anotherf.txt

默认情况下,这两个文件将由制表符分隔.要使用其他内容,您可以指定-d开关,例如-d,将分隔符设置为逗号.

如果只想要每个文件的第一列,可以使用awk粘贴:

paste -d, <(awk '{print $1}' file.txt) <(awk '{print $1}' anotherf.txt)

假设两个文件中的列由一个简单的分隔符(如空格)分隔,cut也会起作用:

paste -d, <(cut -f1 -d' ' file.txt) <(cut -f1 -d' ' anotherf.txt)

根据您的问题的更新,如果您已将内容包含在两个变量中,则可以使用此命令:

paste -d, <(echo "$var1") <(echo "$var2")

感谢所有在评论中做出贡献的人.