Django 1.7 app config ImportError:没有名为appname.apps的模块

Question

我正在尝试按照https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/applications/上的文档为我的一个名为"文章"的Django应用程序设置一个自定义应用程序配置,但是我ImportError: No module named articles.apps在执行时仍然会收到./manage.py check(或任何其他管理命令,如./manage.py runserver)

这是该项目的一棵树

projectname
    ??? apps
    ?   ??? articles
    ?   ?   ??? admin.py
    ?   ?   ??? apps.py
    ?   ?   ??? __init__.py
    ?   ?   ??? migrations
    ?   ?   ?   ??? 0001_initial.py
    ?   ?   ?   ??? __init__.py
    ?   ?   ??? models.py
    ?   ?   ??? templates
    ?   ?   ?   ??? articles
    ?   ?   ??? templatetags
    ?   ?   ?   ??? articles_tags.py
    ?   ?   ?   ??? __init__.py
    ?   ?   ??? tests.py
    ?   ?   ??? urls.py
    ?   ?   ??? views.py
    ?   ??? __init__.py

在settings.py中安装了app :

INSTALLED_APPS = (
  'grappelli',
  'django.contrib.admin', 
  'django.contrib.auth', 
  'django.contrib.contenttypes', 
  'django.contrib.sessions', 
  'django.contrib.messages',
  'django.contrib.staticfiles',
  'django.contrib.humanize', 
  'grappelli.dashboard', 
  'mptt', 
  'sekizai', 
  'pytils', 
  'sorl.thumbnail',
  'sefaro.apps.utils', 
  'sefaro.apps.seo', 
  'sefaro.apps.staticpages', 
  'sefaro.apps.statictext', 
  'sefaro.apps.usersettings', 
  'sefaro.apps.navigation', 
  'sefaro.apps.slideshow',
  'sefaro.apps.articles', 
) 

内容articles/__init__.py:

# articles/__init__.py
default_app_config = 'articles.apps.ArticlesConfig'

内容articles/apps.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.apps import AppConfig
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _


class ArticlesConfig(AppConfig):

    name = 'articles'
    verbose_name = _(u'Articles')

我有'projectname.apps.articles'我的INSTALLED_APPS

只是为了确保我真的拥有所有这些文件并且没有弄乱路径

>>> from projectname.apps.articles.apps import ArticlesConfig
>>> ArticlesConfig
<class 'projectname.apps.articles.apps.ArticlesConfig'>

一切进口都很好......

但:

(vagrant)vagrant@vagrant-ubuntu-trusty-32:~/django$ ./manage.py check
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/vagrant/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 385, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/vagrant/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 354, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "/home/vagrant/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 21, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/home/vagrant/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "/home/vagrant/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 112, in create
    mod = import_module(mod_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
ImportError: No module named articles.apps

Answer 1

根据特定的Django项目结构(所有应用程序都位于projectname/apps/模块中),应使用包括项目名称的完整路径.

正如文档https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/applications/#django.apps.AppConfig.name所说:

AppConfig.name

应用程序的完整Python路径,例如'django.contrib.admin'.

所以它应该是:

# articles/apps.py:
from django.apps import AppConfig
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _


class ArticlesConfig(AppConfig):

    name = 'projectname.apps.articles'
    verbose_name = _(u'Articles')

和

# articles/__init__.py
default_app_config = 'projectname.apps.articles.apps.ArticlesConfig'