如何在没有Storyboard的Xcode中创建一个空应用程序

Question

Xcode6Empty Application在创建新项目时删除了模板.我们如何Xcode6在早期版本中创建一个空的应用程序(没有Storyboard)？

Answer 1

XCode6对于直接创建空应用程序的版本,XCode5以及之前没有选项.但是我们仍然可以在不Storyboard遵循以下步骤的情况下创建应用程序

1. 创建一个Single View Application.
2. 删除Main.storyboard和LaunchScreen.xib(选择它们,右键单击,然后选择从项目中删除它们,或者完全删除它们).
3. 删除文件中的"主故事板文件基本名称"和"启动屏幕界面文件基本名称"条目Info.plist.
4. 打开AppDelegate.m,编辑applicationDidFinishLaunchingWithOptions,使其如下所示:

Swift 3及以上:

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool 
    {
        self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.main.bounds)
        self.window?.backgroundColor = UIColor.white
        self.window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
        return true
    }

Swift 2.x:

    func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool 
    {
        self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)
        self.window?.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
        self.window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
        return true
    }

Objective-C的:

    - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
    {
        self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
        // Override point for customization after application launch.
        self.window.rootViewController = [[ViewController alloc] init];
        self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
        [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
        return YES;
    }

Answer 2

一个简单的方法是复制XCode 5的Empty Application模板XCode的模板目录.

您可以下载XCode 5的Empty Application从模板这里,然后将其解压缩并复制到/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/Library/Xcode/Templates/Project Templates/iOS/Application目录中.

PS这种方法也适用于swift!

编辑
正如@harrisg在下面的评论中所建议的那样,您可以将上述模板放在~/Library/Developer/Xcode/Templates/Project Templates/iOS/Application/文件夹中,以便即使Xcode得到更新也可以使用它.
如果没有这样的目录,那么你可能必须创建这个目录结构:Templates/Project Templates/iOS/Application/in~/Library/Developer/Xcode/

使用这种简单的方法我可以创建一个Empty Applicationin XCode 6.(下面的截图)

希望这可以帮助!

Answer 3

还有一些步骤需要做:

1. 添加前缀文件.(如果你需要的话)
2. 要添加默认启动图像,否则iPhone 5上的应用程序大小将为320x480.

所以这是一个完整的教程:

1. 删除Main.storyboard文件
2. 删除LaunchScreen.xib文件
3. 删除Info.plist中的"主要故事板文件基本名称"属性
4. 删除Info.plist中的"启动屏幕界面文件基本名称"属性

5. 将"[app name] -Prefix.pch"文件添加到包含内容的支持文件中:

   #import <Availability.h>
   
   #ifndef __IPHONE_3_0
   #warning "This project uses features only available in iOS SDK 3.0 and later."
   #endif
   
   #ifdef __OBJC__
   #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
   #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
   #endif
   

6. 将"$ SRCROOT/$ PROJECT_NAME/[pch文件名]"添加到项目设置 - >构建设置 - > Apple LLVM 6.0 - 语言 - >"前缀标题"

7. 将"YES"添加到项目设置 - >构建设置 - > Apple LLVM 6.0 - 语言 - >"预编译前缀标题"
8. 打开"Image.xcassets"并添加LaunchImage
9. 构建项目,然后会有关于缺少默认启动图像的警告,只需按下警告并选择添加默认值,这将添加"Default-568h @ 2x"或 - 如果要使用"图像"中的启动图像.xcassets",转到项目设置 - >目标 - >常规 - >在"启动图像源"中选择使用资产目录,它会创建一个新的,然后可以选择,从现有的资产目录中使用.

10. 实施application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:方法:

    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    //Override point for customization after application launch.
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    
    return YES;
    

Answer 4

阿基尔斯的回答是完全正确的.对于我们这些使用Swift的人来说,它会是这样的:

func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool {
    self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)
    self.window?.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
    self.window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
    return true
}

Answer 5

还有一个步骤需要做:

1)删除plist文件中的主故事板文件基本名称

//AppDelegate.h


@property (strong, nonatomic) UIViewController *viewController;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UINavigationController *nav;

//AppDelegate.m

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {`enter code here`
    // Override point for customization after application launch.

    CGRect screenBounds = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];

    UIWindow *window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:screenBounds];


    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];



    self.viewController = [[UIViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController" bundle:nil];

    self.nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:self.viewController];

    [window setRootViewController:  self.nav];

    [window makeKeyAndVisible];

    [self setWindow:window];

    return YES;
}

Answer 6

我有原始的空应用程序模板,它在Xcode 6之前的Xcode版本中使用.我已将其上传到此处.

您可以将其下载并手动将其粘贴到Xcode模板目录中,也可以使用Xcode,Alcatraz的软件包管理器进行安装.只需搜索Xcode Empty Application.

Answer 7

删除Main.storyboard文件

可以简单地将其删除。

更新ProjectName-Info.plist文件

拔下Main storyboard base file name钥匙。

创建一个nib文件并链接到项目的视图控制器

1.创建一个笔尖文件（文件–>新建–>文件–>视图）

2，将File's Owner's类更新为项目的视图控制器

3.将File's Owner's view出口链接到viewnib文件中的对象

更新应用程序委托

1，导入项目的视图控制器的头文件

2.更新申请:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:方法：

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    MyViewController *viewController = [[MyViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"MyViewController" bundle:nil];
    self.window.rootViewController = viewController;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

Answer 8

为Xcode 8和Swift 3. 只需删除该.storyboard文件,它将自动删除您的相应参考,.plist并在您AppDelegate.swift添加以下代码.

    let initialViewController = UIViewController()
    initialViewController.view.backgroundColor = .white
    window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.main.bounds)
    window?.rootViewController = initialViewController
    window?.makeKeyAndVisible()

您可以编写自己的定制ViewCountroller和使用在AppDelegate.swift为你的self.window?.rootViewController,只是你自己的ViewController更换的UIViewController在上面的代码.

Answer 9

Xcode 9.3.1和Swift 4

1. 首先，您需要在Project导航器菜单中删除Main.storyboard。
2. 不是删除行主要故事板文件基本名称在Info.plist中。
3. 并且不要忘记在项目目标中删除单元格主界面（只需删除Main） - 常规 - 部署信息

4. 之后，转到AppDelegate.swift并在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions函数中编写以下内容：

   func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
       // Override point for customization after application launch.
   
       window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.main.bounds)
       window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
       window?.rootViewController = UINavigationController(rootViewController: ViewController())
   
       return true
   }
   

Answer 10

更新：Swift 5和iOS 13：

1. 创建一个单视图应用程序。
2. 删除Main.storyboard（右键单击并删除）。
3. 从Info.plist文件的默认场景配置中删除“故事板名称”：
4. 打开SceneDelegate.swift并func scene从以下位置更改：

func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
    // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
    // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
    // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
    guard let _ = (scene as? UIWindowScene) else { return }
}

至

 func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
    // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
    // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
    // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).x

    if let windowScene = scene as? UIWindowScene {
        let window = UIWindow(windowScene: windowScene)
        window.rootViewController = ViewController()
        self.window = window
        window.makeKeyAndVisible()
    }
}