Rails验证错误消息:每个字段仅显示一条错误消息

Question

Rails显示与给定字段关联的所有验证错误消息.如果我有三个validates_XXXXX_of :email,并且我将该字段留空,我会在错误列表中收到三条消息.

例:

validates_presence_of :name
validates_presence_of :email
validates_presence_of :text

validates_length_of :name, :in => 6..30
validates_length_of :email, :in => 4..40
validates_length_of :text, :in => 4..200

validates_format_of :email, :with => /^([^@\s]+)@((?:[-a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z]{2,})$/i<br/>

<%= error_messages_for :comment %> 给我:

7 errors prohibited this comment from being saved

There were problems with the following fields:

Name can't be blank
Name is too short (minimum is 6 characters)
Email can't be blank
Email is too short (minimum is 4 characters)
Email is invalid
Text can't be blank
Text is too short (minimum is 4 characters)

最好一次显示一条消息.有没有一种简单的方法来解决这个问题？看起来很简单:如果您发现了错误:email,请停止验证:email并跳至其他字段.

Answer 1

[Update] Jan/2013 to Rails 3.2.x - update syntax; add spec

Inspired by new validation methods in Rails 3.0 I'm adding this tiny Validator. I call it ReduceValidator.

lib/reduce_validator.rb:

# show only one error message per field
#
class ReduceValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator

  def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
    return until record.errors.messages.has_key?(attribute)
    record.errors[attribute].slice!(-1) until record.errors[attribute].size <= 1
  end
end

我的模型看起来像 - 请注意:reduce => true:

validates :title, :presence => true, :inclusion => { :in => %w[ Mr Mrs ] }, :reduce => true
validates :firstname, :presence => true, :length => { :within => 2..50 }, :format => { :without => /^\D{1}[.]/i }, :reduce => true
validates :lastname, :presence => true, :length => { :within => 2..50 }, :format => { :without => /^\D{1}[.]/i }, :reduce => true

就像我目前的Rails项目中的魅力一样.有利的是,我把验证器只放在几个字段上,而不是全部.

spec/lib/reduce_validator_spec.rb:

require 'spec_helper'

describe ReduceValidator do

  let(:reduce_validator) { ReduceValidator.new({ :attributes => {} }) }

  let(:item) { mock_model("Item") }
  subject { item }

  before(:each) do
    item.errors.add(:name, "message one")
    item.errors.add(:name, "message two")
  end

  it { should have(2).error_on(:name) }

  it "should reduce error messages" do
    reduce_validator.validate_each(item, :name, '')
    should have(1).error_on(:name)
  end

end

Answer 2

Imo简化是:

<% @model.errors.each do |attr, msg| %>
  <%= "#{attr} #{msg}" if @model.errors[attr].first == msg %> 
<% end %>

Answer 3

在RailsForum的 Bert 过了一会儿写了这篇文章.他编写了下面的代码,并添加了一些小调整,以便在Rails-3.0.0-beta2上运行.

将其添加到名为的文件中app/helpers/errors_helper.rb,只需添加helper "errors"到控制器即可.

module ErrorsHelper

  # see: lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb
  def error_messages_for(*params)
        options = params.extract_options!.symbolize_keys

        objects = Array.wrap(options.delete(:object) || params).map do |object|
          object = instance_variable_get("@#{object}") unless object.respond_to?(:to_model)
          object = convert_to_model(object)

          if object.class.respond_to?(:model_name)
            options[:object_name] ||= object.class.model_name.human.downcase
          end

          object
        end

        objects.compact!
        count = objects.inject(0) {|sum, object| sum + object.errors.count }

        unless count.zero?
          html = {}
          [:id, :class].each do |key|
            if options.include?(key)
              value = options[key]
              html[key] = value unless value.blank?
            else
              html[key] = 'errorExplanation'
            end
          end
          options[:object_name] ||= params.first

          I18n.with_options :locale => options[:locale], :scope => [:errors, :template] do |locale|
            header_message = if options.include?(:header_message)
              options[:header_message]
            else
              locale.t :header, :count => count, :model => options[:object_name].to_s.gsub('_', ' ')
            end

            message = options.include?(:message) ? options[:message] : locale.t(:body)

            error_messages = objects.sum do |object|
              object.errors.on(:name)
              full_flat_messages(object).map do |msg|
                content_tag(:li, ERB::Util.html_escape(msg))
              end
            end.join.html_safe

            contents = ''
            contents << content_tag(options[:header_tag] || :h2, header_message) unless header_message.blank?
            contents << content_tag(:p, message) unless message.blank?
            contents << content_tag(:ul, error_messages)

            content_tag(:div, contents.html_safe, html)
          end
        else
          ''
        end
  end

  ####################
  #
  # added to make the errors display in a single line per field
  #
  ####################
  def full_flat_messages(object)
    full_messages = []

    object.errors.each_key do |attr|
      msg_part=msg=''
      object.errors[attr].each do |message|
        next unless message
        if attr == "base"
          full_messages << message
        else
          msg=object.class.human_attribute_name(attr)
          msg_part+= I18n.t('activerecord.errors.format.separator', :default => ' ') + (msg_part=="" ? '': ' & ' ) + message
        end
      end
      full_messages << "#{msg} #{msg_part}" if msg!=""
    end
    full_messages
  end

end