java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:javax/faces/context/FacesContextFactory

Question

所有类似的问题都没有帮助我,所以我正在创建自己的:

我正在Eclipse中使用Maven创建一个JSF Web应用程序.为了测试它,我将它作为Maven构建运行战争:战争目标,这没有错误.但是,当我将war文件部署到我的本地tomcat进行测试时,我在启动时收到以下错误消息:

SCHWERWIEGEND: Critical error during deployment:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/faces/context/FacesContextFactory
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
        at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:270)
        at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1701)
        at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1559)
        at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
        at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:270)
        at javax.faces.FactoryFinder.getImplGivenPreviousImpl(FactoryFinder.java:618)
        at javax.faces.FactoryFinder.getImplementationInstance(FactoryFinder.java:509)
        at javax.faces.FactoryFinder.access$400(FactoryFinder.java:139)
        at javax.faces.FactoryFinder$FactoryManager.getFactory(FactoryFinder.java:993)
        at javax.faces.FactoryFinder.getFactory(FactoryFinder.java:343)
        at com.sun.faces.config.processor.FactoryConfigProcessor.verifyFactoriesExist(FactoryConfigProcessor.java:303)
        at com.sun.faces.config.processor.FactoryConfigProcessor.process(FactoryConfigProcessor.java:219)
        at com.sun.faces.config.ConfigManager.initialize(ConfigManager.java:360)

        at com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener.contextInitialized(ConfigureListener.java:225)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4939)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5434)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:976)

        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1653)
        at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.faces.context.FacesContextFactory
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
        ... 39 more

我有以下依赖...

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsf-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.7</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsf-impl</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.7</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

和插件:

<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.1</version>
        <configuration>
            <source>1.6</source>
            <target>1.6</target>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>
    <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3</version>
    </plugin>
</plugins>

如果您需要更多信息,请告诉我.谢谢!

Answer 1

这个问题表明你在运行时类路径中的其他地方有另一个JSF API库,它由JRE或Tomcat本身而不是webapp加载.这样webapp提供的JSF impl库就找不到合适的API,从而产生了这个异常+跟踪.

换句话说,运行时类路径是脏的.清理它.摆脱随机放置在错误位置的JAR.这包括Tomcat自己的/lib文件夹,JRE /lib和/lib/ext文件夹.另一方面,如果您确保永远不会将JAR随机地放在webapp的运行时类路径所涵盖的文件夹中,那么一切都应该很好.

另一个潜在的原因是您在webapp本身中运送了多个不同版本的JSF API库,但是这些信息在当前形式的问题中是不可见的.探索/WEB-INF/libMaven构建的WAR文件的文件夹必须提供线索.