在iOS Swift中执行POST请求

Question

我正在尝试执行POST请求,但请求没有通过.我已经查看了Swift中的Perform POST请求,但它不包含我正在寻找的内容.

func application(application: UIApplication!, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: NSDictionary!) -> Bool {
    var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: "https://us1.lacunaexpanse.com"))
    println("request url https://us1.lacunaexpanse.com")
    var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
    request.HTTPMethod = "POST"

    let apikey = "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
    println("apikey",apikey)

    let username = "username"
    let password = "password"

    var login = Array(["username", "password", "apikey"])

    let jsonDictionary = ["2.0", "jsonrpc", "1", "id", "login", "method", "login", "params"]
    println("jsonDictionary",jsonDictionary)

    var writeError: NSError?

    let jsonData = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(jsonDictionary, options: NSJSONWritingOptions(), error: NSErrorPointer())

    var resultAsString = NSString(data: jsonData, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)

    resultAsString = resultAsString.stringByAppendingString("empire")

    let url = NSURL.URLWithString("string")
    println("url",url)

    var request2 = NSMutableURLRequest()
    println("Post url =%@",url)

    request2 = NSMutableURLRequest(URL:url)

    request2.HTTPMethod = "POST"

    var connection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self, startImmediately: false)

    return true

Answer 1

这里有一大堆战术问题:

1. 您正在创建NSURLSession,但随后发出NSURLConnection请求.选择一个或另一个(你也可以使用NSURLSession).

2. 您的"请求字典"不是字典,而是数组.例如,要发出JSON-RPC请求,字典的正确格式为:

   let requestDictionary = [
       "jsonrpc" : "2.0",
       "id"      : 1,
       "method"  : "login",
       "params"  : ["myuserid", "mypassword", "mykey"]
   ]
   

3. 小问题,但你使用了很多变量(via var),其中常量(via let)就可以了.本着Swift安全的精神,let尽可能使用.

4. 根据Lacuna Expanse API,您的URL应包含模块名称.

   因此,例如,如果POST在"Empire"模块中执行请求,则URL为:

   let url = NSURL(string: "https://us1.lacunaexpanse.com/empire")
   

5. 您可能会做很多请求,所以我建议将其中的大部分放在一个可以反复调用的函数中,而不必在整个地方重复代码.也许像下面这样的函数采用以下参数:

   • 模块(例如"帝国"与"联盟");

   • 方法(例如"login"vs"fetch_captcha");

   • 适合该请求的参数(例如"登录",即"名称","密码"和"api_key"); 和

   • 异步请求完成时将调用的闭包.

   然后,此函数准备JSON-RPC请求,并在请求完成时调用闭包:

   func submitLacunaRequestFromModule(module: String, method: String, parameters: AnyObject, completion: (AnyObject?, NSError?) -> ()) -> NSURLSessionTask? {
       let session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
       let url = NSURL(string: "https://us1.lacunaexpanse.com")!.URLByAppendingPathComponent(module)
       let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
       request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
       request.setValue("application/json-rpc", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
   
       let requestDictionary = [
           "jsonrpc" : "2.0",
           "id"      : 1,
           "method"  : method,
           "params"  : parameters
       ]
   
       request.HTTPBody = try! NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(requestDictionary, options: [])
   
       let task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request) { data, response, error in
   
           // handle fundamental network errors (e.g. no connectivity)
   
           guard error == nil && data != nil else {
               completion(data, error)
               return
           }
   
           // check that http status code was 200
   
           if let httpResponse = response as? NSHTTPURLResponse where httpResponse.statusCode != 200 {
               completion(String(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding), nil)
           }
   
           // parse the JSON response
   
           do {
               let responseObject = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary
               completion(responseObject, nil)
           } catch let error as NSError {
               completion(String(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding), error)
           }
       }
       task.resume()
   
       return task
   }
   

   这将在JSON-RPC请求中完成方法和参数的所有必要包装.然后,您需要做的就是调用该方法,如下所示:

   submitLacunaRequestFromModule("empire", method: "login", parameters: ["myuserid", "mypassword", "mykey"]) { responseObject, error in
   
       // some network error or programming error
   
       guard error == nil else {
           print("error = \(error)")
           print("responseObject = \(responseObject)")
           return
       }
   
       // network request ok, now see if login was successful
   
       if let responseDictionary = responseObject as? NSDictionary {
           if let errorDictionary = responseDictionary["error"] as? NSDictionary {
               print("error logging in (bad userid/password?): \(errorDictionary)")
           } else if let resultDictionary = responseDictionary["result"] as? NSDictionary {
               print("successfully logged in, refer to resultDictionary for details: \(resultDictionary)")
           } else {
               print("we should never get here")
               print("responseObject = \(responseObject)")
           }
       }
   }
   

   对于需要字典的请求,例如"create",请继续并提供字典:

   submitLacunaRequestFromModule("empire", method: "create", parameters: [
       "name"      : "user",
       "password"  : "password",
       "password1" : "password",
       "captcha_guid" : "305...dd-....-....-....-e3706...73c0",
       "captcha_solution" : "42",
       "email" : "test@gmail.com"
       ]) { responseObject, error in
   
           guard error == nil else {
               print("error = \(error)")
               print("responseObject = \(responseObject)")
               return
           }
   
           print("responseObject = \(responseObject)")
   }
   

显然,在上面这些中,我只是做了最小的错误处理,所以你可以加强这个,但你的问题是关于发出POST请求,并希望上面说明了如何完成.