如何从浏览器访问WCF服务方法？

Question

它是默认情况下在Visual Studio 2013中创建的代码.在项目属性中,我设置为使用本地IIS.WCF测试客户端成功测试它.但是,如果我访问页面

http://localhost/WcfService1/Service1.svc/GetTime

在浏览器中,我看到空的浏览器屏幕和Fiddler显示"HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request".我明白我需要修改web.config和接口中方法的属性,但不知道如何.你可以帮帮我吗？谢谢.

IService1.cs

using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace WcfService1
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IService1
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string GetTime();
    }
}

Service1.svc.cs

using System;
namespace WcfService1
{
    public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        public string GetTime()
        {
            return DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString();
        }
    }
}

web.config中

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <protocolMapping>
        <add binding="basicHttpsBinding" scheme="https" />
    </protocolMapping>    
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

Answer 1

谢谢sakir和Tim,你的评论允许我在适当的地方寻找答案.是的,这是SOAP服务,所以我需要重新配置它才能通过web http访问.

1. 我添加了"行为"部分和此行为的配置,允许在web.config中使用HttpBinding
2. 我将属性[WebGet]添加到我想在浏览器中显示的方法中.

注意:我们可以在Visual Studio中获得类似的结果,如果我们将通过添加空项目"WCF服务(启用Ajax)"模板(我在VS2013中很难找到它,但它在VS2012中排在首位)来创建WCF Web服务作为一个单独的项目).这将为我们修改web.config,并给出工作代码示例(但不是基于接口).

修改过的文件和重新配置的web.config如下:

IService1.cs

using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
namespace WcfService1
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IService1
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebGet]
        string GetTime();
    }
}

web.config中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>

  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>

      **<!--added behavior-->
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WcfService1.Service1AspNetAjaxBehavior">
          <enableWebScript />
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>**

    </behaviors>
    <protocolMapping>
        <add binding="basicHttpsBinding" scheme="https" />
    </protocolMapping>

    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

    **<!--added service behaviour configuration-->
    <services>
      <service name="WcfService1.Service1">
        <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="WcfService1.Service1AspNetAjaxBehavior"
          binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" />
      </service>
    </services>**

  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>