Javascript如何在for循环完成后执行代码

Question

我正在尝试解决这个 js/async 场景，并且我想知道 js 世界的其他部分如何处理这个问题。

function doStuff(callback) {

  cursor.each(function(err, blahblah) {
    ...doing stuff here takes some time
  });

  ... Execute this code ONLY after the `cursor.each` loop is finished
  callback();

编辑

这是一个更具体的示例，使用下面的大部分建议进行了更新，但仍然不起作用。

function doStuff(callback) {

  MongoClient.connect(constants.mongoUrl, function(err, db) {

    var collection = db.collection('cases2');
    var cursor = collection.find();

    var promises = [];  // array for storing promises

    cursor.each(function(err, item) {

      console.log('inside each'); // NEVER GETS LOGGED UNLESS I COMMENT OUT THIS LINE: return Q.all(promises).then(callback(null, items));

      var def = Q.defer();        // Create deferred object and store
      promises.push(def.promise); // Its promise in the array

      if(item == null) {
        return def.resolve();
      }

      def.resolve();  // resolve the promise
    });

    console.log('items'); // ALWAYS GETS CALLED
    console.log(items);

    // IF I COMMENT THIS LINE OUT COMPLETELY, 
    // THE LOG STATEMENT INSIDE CURSOR.EACH ACTUALLY GETS LOGGED
    return Q.all(promises).then(callback(null, items));
  });
}

Answer 1

不使用承诺或任何其他依赖项/库，您可以简单地

function doStuff(callback) {

添加计数器

    var cursor = new Array(); // init with some array data
    var cursorTasks = cursor.length;

    function cursorTaskComplete()
    {
        cursorTasks--;

        if ( cursorTasks <= 0 ) {
            // this gets get called after each task reported to be complete
            callback();
        }
    }

    for ( var i = 0; i < cursor.length; i++ ) {
        ...doing stuff here takes some time and does some async stuff

每次异步请求后检查

        ...when async operation is complete call
        cursorTaskComplete()
  }
}