如何使用gettimeofday()或与Visual Studio C++ 2008等效的东西？

Question

有人可以帮我在Windows XP上使用Visual Studio C++ 2008的gettimeofday()函数吗？这是我在网上找到的代码:

#include < time.h >
#include <windows.h> 

#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_MSC_EXTENSIONS)
  #define DELTA_EPOCH_IN_MICROSECS  11644473600000000Ui64
#else
  #define DELTA_EPOCH_IN_MICROSECS  11644473600000000ULL
#endif

struct timezone 
{
  int  tz_minuteswest; /* minutes W of Greenwich */
  int  tz_dsttime;     /* type of dst correction */
};

int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
{
  FILETIME ft;
  unsigned __int64 tmpres = 0;
  static int tzflag;

  if (NULL != tv)
  {
    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);

    tmpres |= ft.dwHighDateTime;
    tmpres <<= 32;
    tmpres |= ft.dwLowDateTime;

    /*converting file time to unix epoch*/
    tmpres -= DELTA_EPOCH_IN_MICROSECS; 
    tmpres /= 10;  /*convert into microseconds*/
    tv->tv_sec = (long)(tmpres / 1000000UL);
    tv->tv_usec = (long)(tmpres % 1000000UL);
  }

  if (NULL != tz)
  {
    if (!tzflag)
    {
      _tzset();
      tzflag++;
    }
    tz->tz_minuteswest = _timezone / 60;
    tz->tz_dsttime = _daylight;
  }

  return 0;
}

...
// call gettimeofday()
 gettimeofday(&tv, &tz); 
 tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec); 

去年,当我使用VC++ 6测试此代码时,它工作正常.但是现在当我使用VC++ 2008时,我收到异常处理错误.那么有没有关于如何使用gettimeofday或类似东西的想法？

感谢您的回复,我们非常感谢您的帮助:

Answer 1

在UNIX中,时区结构的使用已过时.我不知道你为什么要用它.请参阅http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl2_gettime.htm但是如果您想使用此结构来了解当地时间的GMT(UTC)差异,那将是下一个:tz_minuteswest是真正的差异从GMT(UTC)开始的分钟数和tz_dsttime是一个标志,表示日光是否正在使用中.

您的示例有一些更改在Visual C++ 2008 Express中正常工作:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <time.h>
#include <windows.h> 

const __int64 DELTA_EPOCH_IN_MICROSECS= 11644473600000000;

/* IN UNIX the use of the timezone struct is obsolete;
 I don't know why you use it. See http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl2_gettime.htm
 But if you want to use this structure to know about GMT(UTC) diffrence from your local time
 it will be next: tz_minuteswest is the real diffrence in minutes from GMT(UTC) and a tz_dsttime is a flag
 indicates whether daylight is now in use
*/
struct timezone2 
{
  __int32  tz_minuteswest; /* minutes W of Greenwich */
  bool  tz_dsttime;     /* type of dst correction */
};

struct timeval2 {
__int32    tv_sec;         /* seconds */
__int32    tv_usec;        /* microseconds */
};

int gettimeofday(struct timeval2 *tv/*in*/, struct timezone2 *tz/*in*/)
{
  FILETIME ft;
  __int64 tmpres = 0;
  TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tz_winapi;
  int rez=0;

   ZeroMemory(&ft,sizeof(ft));
   ZeroMemory(&tz_winapi,sizeof(tz_winapi));

    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);

    tmpres = ft.dwHighDateTime;
    tmpres <<= 32;
    tmpres |= ft.dwLowDateTime;

    /*converting file time to unix epoch*/
    tmpres /= 10;  /*convert into microseconds*/
    tmpres -= DELTA_EPOCH_IN_MICROSECS; 
    tv->tv_sec = (__int32)(tmpres*0.000001);
    tv->tv_usec =(tmpres%1000000);


    //_tzset(),don't work properly, so we use GetTimeZoneInformation
    rez=GetTimeZoneInformation(&tz_winapi);
    tz->tz_dsttime=(rez==2)?true:false;
    tz->tz_minuteswest = tz_winapi.Bias + ((rez==2)?tz_winapi.DaylightBias:0);

  return 0;
}


int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
struct timeval2 tv;
struct timezone2 tz;
struct tm *tm1; 
time_t time1;

ZeroMemory(&tv,sizeof(tv));
ZeroMemory(&tz,sizeof(tz));

gettimeofday(&tv, &tz); // call gettimeofday()
time1=tv.tv_sec;
tm1 = localtime(&time1); 



 FILE *f;
 f=fopen("rez.txt","w");

 fprintf(f,"%04d.%02d.%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n",1900+tm1->tm_year,1+tm1->tm_mon,tm1->tm_mday,tm1->tm_hour,tm1->tm_min,tm1->tm_sec);
 fprintf(f,"Diffrence between GMT(UTC) and local time=%d %s\n",tz.tz_minuteswest,"minutes");
 fprintf(f,"Is Daylight now=%s\n",tz.tz_dsttime?"Yes":"No");

 fclose(f);
 return 0;
}

Answer 2

秒表简单秒表

FWIW：这与 Kate 的相似，但我只想提一下，如果有人在 C++ 中寻找最简单的秒表（计数秒）。没什么大不了的，我知道。它只有 1 秒的分辨率，因此如果您想计算微秒，请继续其他示例。

double seconds=0;
time_t timer1, timer2;
time(&timer1);  /* get current time  */
...
time(&timer2);  /* get current time  later */
seconds = difftime(timer2,timer1);

Answer 3

有几种不同的类型来表示时间。这是我最近使用的一些代码：

time_t now;
time(&now); 
tm* local = localtime(&now);

然后我继续用 的片段构建一个字符串local，但此时你可以做你想做的事情。