监听器不支持任何服务

Question

我在Linux机器上安装了Oracle Database 11gR2以及Oracle Grid Infrastructure,然后创建了orcl数据库.

我一直能够使用SQL*Plus或OEM连接到我的数据库.但是最近,我在输入命令时遇到了一个问题lsnrctl status,所以我无法连接到数据库.

我的listener.ora档案:

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pc.company.com)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

我的tnsnames.ora文件:

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pc.company.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl.example.com)
    )
  )

输入时lsnrctl status,我得到以下内容:

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 21-JUL-2014 03:35:48

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                21-JUL-2014 03:25:58
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 9 min. 50 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/pc151/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=pc.company.com)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

---

当输入sqlplus / as sysdba然后startup,我得到这样的:

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-29701: unable to connect to Cluster Synchronization Service

并且该srvctl start database命令也无法启动数据库.

我的oratab文件如下:

#Backup file is  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/srvm/admin/oratab.bak.pc150 line added by Agent
#

# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
+ASM:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/grid:N
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:N          # line added by Agent

Answer 1

数据库在启动时向监听器注册其服务名称.如果它无法这样做,那么它会定期再次尝试 - 所以如果监听器在数据库之后启动,那么在识别服务之前可能会有一段延迟.

但是,如果数据库没有运行,则没有任何内容会注册该服务,因此您不应期望该侦听器知道它 - lsnrctl status或者lsnrctl services不会报告尚未注册的服务.

您可以在没有监听器的情况下启动数据库; 从Oracle帐户和您的ORACLE_HOME,ORACLE_SID并PATH设置您可以做到:

sqlplus /nolog

然后从SQL*Plus提示符:

connect / as sysdba
startup

或者通过网格基础结构,从网格帐户,使用srvctl start database命令:

srvctl start database -d db_unique_name [-o start_options] [-n node_name]

您可能希望查看数据库是否设置为在oratab文件中自动启动,具体取决于您使用的是否应该自动启动.如果你期望它正在运行而它不是,或者你试图启动它并且它不会出现,那么这是一个完全不同的场景 - 你需要查看错误消息,警报日志,可能跟踪文件等,以确切了解它无法启动的原因,如果您无法弄明白,可能会询问数据库管理员而不是Stack Overflow.

如果数据库看不到,+DATA那么ASM可能没有运行; 你可以在这里看到如何开始 ; 或使用srvctl start asm.正如文档所述,请确保从网格主页而不是数据库主目录中执行此操作.