我如何找到MySQL my.cnf位置

Question

是否有MySQL命令来定位my.cnf配置文件,类似于PHP的phpinfo() 定位方式php.ini？

Answer 1

没有内部MySQL命令来跟踪这个,它有点过于抽象.该文件可能位于5个(或更多？)位置,并且它们都有效,因为它们加载了级联.

• /etc/my.cnf中
• /etc/mysql/my.cnf
• $ MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf中
• [DATADIR] /my.cnf
• 〜/ .my.cnf

这些是MySQL看到的默认位置.如果它找到多个,它将​​加载它们中的每一个和值互相覆盖(按照列出的顺序,我认为).此外,--defaults-file参数可以覆盖整个事物,所以...基本上,它是一个巨大的痛苦的屁股.

但是由于它如此混乱,很有可能它只是在/etc/my.cnf中.

(如果您只想查看值:SHOW VARIABLES,但您需要权限才能这样做.)

Answer 2

您实际上可以"请求"MySQL以查找其搜索my.cnf(或Windows上的my.ini)的所有位置的列表.但它不是SQL查询.相反,执行:

$ mysqladmin --help

或者,在5.7之前:

$ mysqld --help --verbose

在第一行中,您将找到一条消息,其中包含所查找的所有my.cnf位置的列表.在我的机器上它是:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/usr/etc/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf

或者,在Windows上:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
C:\Windows\my.ini
C:\Windows\my.cnf
C:\my.ini
C:\my.cnf
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\my.ini
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\my.cnf

但请注意,可能是这些位置中没有my.cnf文件的情况.因此,您可以自己创建文件 - 使用MySQL发行版提供的示例配置文件之一(在Linux上 - 查看/usr/share/mysql/*.cnf文件并使用适合您的文件 - 将其复制到/etc/my.cnf然后根据需要进行修改).

另请注意,还有一个命令行选项--defaults-file,可以定义my.cnf或my.ini文件的自定义路径.例如,Windows上的MySQL 5.5就是这种情况 - 它指向数据目录中的my.ini文件,该文件通常不会列出mysqld --help --verbose.在Windows上 - 请参阅服务属性以查明是否适合您.

最后,请查看https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/option-files.html - 更详细地介绍了它.

Answer 3

你总是可以在终端上运行find.

find / -name my.cnf

Answer 4

您可以使用 :

locate my.cnf
whereis my.cnf
find . -name my.cnf

Answer 5

这可能有效:

strace mysql ";" 2>&1  | grep cnf

在我的机器上输出:

stat64("/etc/my.cnf", 0xbf9faafc)       = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/etc/mysql/my.cnf", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=4271, ...}) = 0
open("/etc/mysql/my.cnf", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
read(3, "# /etc/mysql/my.cnf: The global "..., 4096) = 4096
stat64("/home/xxxxx/.my.cnf", 0xbf9faafc) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

所以看起来/etc/mysql/my.cnf是一个,因为它的stat64()和read()是成功的.

Answer 6

默认情况下,mysql首先在/ etc文件夹中搜索my.cnf.如果此文件夹中没有/etc/my.cnf文件,我建议您在文件夹中创建一个新文件(https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/option -files.html).

您还可以搜索由mysql安装提供的现有my.cnf.您可以启动以下命令

sudo find / -name "*.cnf"

您可以将以下配置文件与myisam表一起使用,并且不支持innodb mysql(来自mac os x maverick上的mysql端口安装).请验证此配置文件中的每个命令.

# Example MySQL config file for large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
# 
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id   = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/local/var/db/mysql5
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/local/var/db/mysql5
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 64M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

Answer 7

如konyak所述,您可以my.cnf通过运行获取mysql将查找文件的位置列表mysqladmin --help.由于这非常详细,您可以快速找到您关心的部分:

$ mysqladmin --help | grep -A1 'Default options'

这将为您提供类似于的输出:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

根据您安装mysql的方式,可能还没有这些文件存在.您可以使用cat它们来查看配置的构建方式,并my.cnf根据需要在首选位置创建自己的配置.

Answer 8

对于Ubuntu 16:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

Answer 9

mysql --help | grep /my.cnf | xargs ls

会告诉您my.cnfMac / Linux上的位置

ls: cannot access '/etc/my.cnf': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access '~/.my.cnf': No such file or directory
 /etc/mysql/my.cnf

在这种情况下 /etc/mysql/my.cnf

ls: /etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: /etc/mysql/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: ~/.my.cnf: No such file or directory
/usr/local/etc/my.cnf

在这种情况下 /usr/local/etc/my.cnf

Answer 10

我不知道您如何在Linux环境中设置MySQL，但是您是否检查过？

• /etc/my.cnf

Answer 11

您也可以运行此命令。

mysql --help | grep cnf

Answer 12

如果您使用的是带有 Homebrew 的 Mac，请使用

酿造信息mysql

你会看到类似的东西

$ brew info mysql
mysql: stable 5.6.13 (bottled)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/
Conflicts with: mariadb, mysql-cluster, percona-server
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.13 (9381 files, 354M) *

最后一行是INSTALLERDIR 每个 MySQL 文档

Answer 13

试试跑步 mysqld --help --verbose | grep my.cnf | tr " " "\n"

输出将是类似的

/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/usr/local/etc/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf

Answer 14

如果您使用的是 Debian/Ubuntu 系统并且已经配备了现代版本的数据库（从 5.7 开始的所有版本，对于 mysql 8 也是如此），找到.cnf我找到的实际文件的最佳方法是：

sudo update-alternatives --config my.cnf

您应该看到如下输出：

There are 3 choices for the alternative my.cnf (providing /etc/mysql/my.cnf).

  Selection    Path                        Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf       500       auto mode
  1            /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf       500       manual mode
  2            /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback   100       manual mode
* 3            /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf         300       manual mode

有两行/etc/mysql/mysql.cnf值得关注：

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

MySQL 将先监视.cnf中的所有文件/etc/mysql/conf.d/，然后再监视 中的所有文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

祝调音愉快！