返回HttpResponseMessage时的WebAPI Gzip

Question

返回HttpResponseMessage时的WebAPI Gzip

fre*_*hie 28 c# asp.net jquery gzip asp.net-web-api

我有一个WebAPI控制器返回一个HttpResponseMessage,我想添加gzip压缩.这是服务器代码:

using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web;
using System.IO.Compression;

[Route("SomeRoute")]
public HttpResponseMessage Post([FromBody] string value)
{
    HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current;

    context.Response.Filter = new GZipStream(context.Response.Filter, CompressionMode.Compress);

    HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-encoding", "gzip");
    HttpContext.Current.Response.Cache.VaryByHeaders["Accept-encoding"] = true;

    return new SomeClass().SomeRequest(value);
}

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这是使用jquery的ajax调用的客户端代码:

$.ajax({
    url: "/SomeRoute",
    type: "POST",
    cache: "false",
    data: SomeData,
    beforeSend: function (jqXHR) { jqXHR.setRequestHeader('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip'); },
    success: function(msg) { ... }

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当我运行它时,服务器代码返回没有错误,但客户端错误:

(failed)
net::ERR_CONTENT_DECODING_FAILED

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在此输入图像描述

当我和Fiddler一起看时,这就是我所看到的:

在此输入图像描述

我需要更改什么才能使Web服务返回客户端正常处理的gzip压缩内容？我知道我也可以使用HttpModule或通过IIS上的某些设置来执行此操作,但这两个选项都不适合托管的情况:

在此输入图像描述

请注意,我不是在寻找IIS设置,因为我无权访问(托管).

Answer 1

Poo*_*ran 48

添加这些NuGet包:

Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Extensions.Compression.Server System.Net.Http.Extensions.Compression.Client

然后添加一行代码App_Start\WebApiConfig.cs:

GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.MessageHandlers.Insert(0, new ServerCompressionHandler(new GZipCompressor(), new DeflateCompressor()));

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那就行了!

详细信息:

希望有所帮助.

**@JCisar发表评论后更新

ASP.Net Core的更新

Nuget包是

Microsoft.AspNetCore.ResponseCompression

谢谢!虽然,包确实说它已经过时了(我猜是从2016年2月28日开始).任何人都知道这是否被我应该使用的东西取而代之？我没有看到任何提及它. (7认同)
这也适用于OwinSelfHost吗？ (5认同)
这比打开动态IIS压缩要好得多 (4认同)
根据软件包作者@JCisar,您应该使用由他维护的[新软件包](https://github.com/azzlack/Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.MessageHandlers.Compression). (4认同)

Answer 2

dmp*_*lla 23

如果您有权访问IIS配置

你不能只应用标题,并希望它将被gzip压缩 - 响应将不会被压缩.

您需要删除添加的标头,并确保在IIS服务器上启用了动态压缩和静态内容压缩.

其中一位评论者在stakoverflow上提到了一个很好的资源链接,展示了如何做到这一点:

启用IIS7 gzip

请注意,如果已安装动态压缩(不在IIS的默认安装中),它将仅在web.config中设置值

您可以在MSDN文档中找到有关此内容的信息:http://www.iis.net/configreference/system.webserver/httpcompression

简单的压缩

下面是使用一个简单的自己进行压缩的例子,这个例子是使用visual studio项目模板中的Web Api MVC 4项目.要使压缩工作HttpResponseMessages,您必须实现自定义MessageHandler.请参见下面的工作示例.

请参阅下面的代码实现.

请注意,我试图让方法与您的示例保持一致.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class ValuesController : ApiController
    {
        public class Person
        {
            public string name { get; set; }
        }
        // GET api/values
        public IEnumerable<string> Get()
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Cache.VaryByHeaders["accept-encoding"] = true;

            return new [] { "value1", "value2" };
        }

        // GET api/values/5
        public HttpResponseMessage Get(int id)
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Cache.VaryByHeaders["accept-encoding"] = true;

            var TheHTTPResponse = new HttpResponseMessage(System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK); 
            TheHTTPResponse.Content = new StringContent("{\"asdasdasdsadsad\": 123123123 }", Encoding.UTF8, "text/json"); 

            return TheHTTPResponse;
        }

        public class EncodingDelegateHandler : DelegatingHandler
        {
            protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                return base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken).ContinueWith<HttpResponseMessage>((responseToCompleteTask) =>
                {
                    HttpResponseMessage response = responseToCompleteTask.Result;

                    if (response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding != null &&
                        response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding.Count > 0)
                    {
                        string encodingType = response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding.First().Value;

                        response.Content = new CompressedContent(response.Content, encodingType);
                    }

                    return response;
                },
                TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnRanToCompletion);
            }
        }

        public class CompressedContent : HttpContent
        {
            private HttpContent originalContent;
            private string encodingType;

            public CompressedContent(HttpContent content, string encodingType)
            {
                if (content == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("content");
                }

                if (encodingType == null)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("encodingType");
                }

                originalContent = content;
                this.encodingType = encodingType.ToLowerInvariant();

                if (this.encodingType != "gzip" && this.encodingType != "deflate")
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Encoding '{0}' is not supported. Only supports gzip or deflate encoding.", this.encodingType));
                }

                // copy the headers from the original content
                foreach (KeyValuePair<string, IEnumerable<string>> header in originalContent.Headers)
                {
                    this.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation(header.Key, header.Value);
                }

                this.Headers.ContentEncoding.Add(encodingType);
            }

            protected override bool TryComputeLength(out long length)
            {
                length = -1;

                return false;
            }

            protected override Task SerializeToStreamAsync(Stream stream, TransportContext context)
            {
                Stream compressedStream = null;

                if (encodingType == "gzip")
                {
                    compressedStream = new GZipStream(stream, CompressionMode.Compress, leaveOpen: true);
                }
                else if (encodingType == "deflate")
                {
                    compressedStream = new DeflateStream(stream, CompressionMode.Compress, leaveOpen: true);
                }

                return originalContent.CopyToAsync(compressedStream).ContinueWith(tsk =>
                {
                    if (compressedStream != null)
                    {
                        compressedStream.Dispose();
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

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还要将新消息处理程序添加到应用程序的配置中.

using System.Web.Http;
using MvcApplication1.Controllers;

namespace MvcApplication1
{
    public static class WebApiConfig
    {
        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
            );

            config.MessageHandlers.Add(new ValuesController.EncodingDelegateHandler());

            config.EnableSystemDiagnosticsTracing();
        }
    }
}

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自定义处理程序由 - Kiran Challa(http://blogs.msdn.com/b/kiranchalla/archive/2012/09/04/handling-compression-accept-encoding-sample.aspx)组合在一起.

有更好的示例可以实现入站流的缩小,您可以看到以下示例:

另外,我发现了一个非常好的项目,它支持github上的所有这些.

https://github.com/azzlack/Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.MessageHandlers.Compression

请注意,当我自己到达这个答案时,Simon在你的评论中提出了这个方法,从这个答案之日起2天前.

使用在iis之外执行此操作的http://benfoster.io/blog/aspnet-web-api-compression上的示例. (3认同)

Answer 3

Ane*_*lou 5

一种无需编辑任何IIS设置或安装任何Nuget软件包的解决方案是将MessageHandler添加到您的WEB API。

这将使用“ AcceptEncoding”标头捕获请求，并使用System.IO.Compression库中的Build压缩请求。

public class CompressHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
    private static CompressHandler _handler;
    private CompressHandler(){}
    public static CompressHandler GetSingleton()
    {
        if (_handler == null)
            _handler = new CompressHandler();
        return _handler;
    }
    protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        return base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken).ContinueWith<HttpResponseMessage>((responseToCompleteTask) =>
        {
            HttpResponseMessage response = responseToCompleteTask.Result;
            var acceptedEncoding =GetAcceptedEncoding(response);
            if(acceptedEncoding!=null)
                response.Content = new CompressedContent(response.Content, acceptedEncoding);

            return response;
        },
        TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnRanToCompletion);
    }
    private string GetAcceptedEncoding(HttpResponseMessage response)
    {
        string encodingType=null;
        if (response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding != null && response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding.Any())
        {
            encodingType = response.RequestMessage.Headers.AcceptEncoding.First().Value;
        }
        return encodingType;
    }


}

    public class CompressedContent : HttpContent
{
    private HttpContent originalContent;
    private string encodingType;

    public CompressedContent(HttpContent content, string encodingType)
    {
        if (content == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("content");
        }

        if (encodingType == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("encodingType");
        }

        originalContent = content;
        this.encodingType = encodingType.ToLowerInvariant();

        if (this.encodingType != "gzip" && this.encodingType != "deflate")
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Encoding '{0}' is not supported. Only supports gzip or deflate encoding.", this.encodingType));
        }

        // copy the headers from the original content
        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, IEnumerable<string>> header in originalContent.Headers)
        {
            this.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation(header.Key, header.Value);
        }

        this.Headers.ContentEncoding.Add(encodingType);
    }

    protected override bool TryComputeLength(out long length)
    {
        length = -1;

        return false;
    }

    protected override Task SerializeToStreamAsync(Stream stream, TransportContext context)
    {
        Stream compressedStream = null;

        if (encodingType == "gzip")
        {
            compressedStream = new GZipStream(stream, CompressionMode.Compress, leaveOpen: true);
        }
        else if (encodingType == "deflate")
        {
            compressedStream = new DeflateStream(stream, CompressionMode.Compress, leaveOpen: true);
        }

        return originalContent.CopyToAsync(compressedStream).ContinueWith(tsk =>
        {
            if (compressedStream != null)
            {
                compressedStream.Dispose();
            }
        });
    }
}

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并将此处理程序添加到您的Global.asax.cs

GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.MessageHandlers.Insert(0, CompressHandler.GetSingleton());

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感谢本·福斯特（Ben Foster）。 ASP.NET Web API压缩

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