来自SciPy的QHull凸壳体积

Question

我正在尝试使用QHull的SciPy包装器来获取一组点的凸包体积.

根据QHull的文档,我应该通过"FA"选项来获得总表面积和体积.

这就是我得到的......我做错了什么？

> pts
     [(494.0, 95.0, 0.0), (494.0, 95.0, 1.0) ... (494.0, 100.0, 4.0), (494.0, 100.0, 5.0)]


> hull = spatial.ConvexHull(pts, qhull_options="FA")

> dir(hull)

     ['__class__', '__del__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_qhull', '_update', 'add_points', 'close', 'coplanar', 'equations', 'max_bound', 'min_bound', 'ndim', 'neighbors', 'npoints', 'nsimplex', 'points', 'simplices']

 > dir(hull._qhull)
     ['__class__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__']

Answer 1

似乎没有任何明显的方法可以直接获得你所追求的结果,无论你输入什么参数.如果ConvexHull你使用Delaunay(而不是你使用的话),那么计算自己也不应该太难.凸壳相关信息).

def tetrahedron_volume(a, b, c, d):
    return np.abs(np.einsum('ij,ij->i', a-d, np.cross(b-d, c-d))) / 6

from scipy.spatial import Delaunay

pts = np.random.rand(10, 3)
dt = Delaunay(pts)
tets = dt.points[dt.simplices]
vol = np.sum(tetrahedron_volume(tets[:, 0], tets[:, 1], 
                                tets[:, 2], tets[:, 3]))

编辑根据评论,以下是获得凸包体积的更快方法:

def convex_hull_volume(pts):
    ch = ConvexHull(pts)
    dt = Delaunay(pts[ch.vertices])
    tets = dt.points[dt.simplices]
    return np.sum(tetrahedron_volume(tets[:, 0], tets[:, 1],
                                     tets[:, 2], tets[:, 3]))

def convex_hull_volume_bis(pts):
    ch = ConvexHull(pts)

    simplices = np.column_stack((np.repeat(ch.vertices[0], ch.nsimplex),
                                 ch.simplices))
    tets = ch.points[simplices]
    return np.sum(tetrahedron_volume(tets[:, 0], tets[:, 1],
                                     tets[:, 2], tets[:, 3]))

使用一些补偿数据,第二种方法似乎快2倍,数值准确性似乎非常好(15位小数!!!)虽然必须有一些更多的病态情况:

pts = np.random.rand(1000, 3)

In [26]: convex_hull_volume(pts)
Out[26]: 0.93522518081853867

In [27]: convex_hull_volume_bis(pts)
Out[27]: 0.93522518081853845

In [28]: %timeit convex_hull_volume(pts)
1000 loops, best of 3: 2.08 ms per loop

In [29]: %timeit convex_hull_volume_bis(pts)
1000 loops, best of 3: 1.08 ms per loop

Answer 2

虽然这个问题庆祝了它的第二个生日,但我想指出现在,scipy包装器会自动报告Qhull计算的音量(和面积).