MongoDB：如何更新集合中的整个文档

Question

在我的应用程序中，我需要编辑一个文档...，并且在编辑文档时，其他用户仍然可以使用当前的[未更改]版本。例如，当我开始编辑文档时，会在一个单独的集合中创建它的新副本，完成后，我用临时集合的新版本替换当前版本。

假设存储在collection中的原始文档users如下所示：

{
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "2080-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "title 1", "description" : "description 1" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" }
  ]
}

然后，假设上面的文档被复制到另一个集合（例如users.wip）并按如下所示进行修改：

{
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
}

如何替换Whoe文件？问题是，当我尝试更新原始文档时，

{ "$set" : {
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
}}

我总是收到以下错误消息：

10150  Field name duplication not allowed with modifiers

也就是说，更新整个文档的正确方法是什么？

Answer 1

要替换整个文档，您无需使用$set，而只需提供新文档即可update：

db.test.update({"_id": ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13")}, {
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
})

但是，对于当前的3.0驱动程序，最好改为使用replaceOne：

db.test.replaceOne({"_id": ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13")}, {
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
})