我有一个源代码需要通过创建类,对象和方法进行转换.到目前为止,我刚刚将初始main转换为单独的类.但我不知道如何处理构造函数以及哪些变量应该是私有的.这是代码:
import java.util.*;
public class Card{
private static void shuffle(int[][] cards){
List<Integer> randoms = new ArrayList<Integer>();
Random randomizer = new Random();
for(int i = 0; i < 8;) {
int r = randomizer.nextInt(8)+1;
if(!randoms.contains(r)) {
randoms.add(r);
i++;
}
}
List<Integer> clonedList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
clonedList.addAll(randoms);
Collections.shuffle(clonedList);
randoms.addAll(clonedList);
Collections.shuffle(randoms);
int i=0;
for(int r=0; r < 4; r++){
for(int c=0; c < 4; c++){
cards[r][c] = randoms.get(i);
i++;
}
}
}
public static void play() throws InterruptedException {
int ans = 1;
int preview;
int r1,c1,r2,c2;
int[][] cards = new int[4][4];
boolean[][] cardstatus = new boolean[4][4];
boolean gameover = false;
int moves;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
do{
moves = 0;
shuffle(cards);
System.out.print("Enter the time(0 to 5) in seconds for the preview of the answer : ");
preview = input.nextInt();
while((preview<0) || (preview>5)){
System.out.print("Invalid time!! Re-enter time(0 - 5) : ");
preview = input.nextInt();
}
preview = 1000*preview;
System.out.println(" ");
for (int i =0; i<4;i++){
for (int j=0;j<4;j++){
System.out.print(cards[i][j]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
}
Thread.sleep(preview);
for(int b=0;b<25;b++){
System.out.println(" ");
}
for(int r=0;r<4;r++){
for(int c=0;c<4;c++){
System.out.print("*");
System.out.print(" ");
cardstatus[r][c] = false;
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
do{
do{
System.out.print("Please insert the first card row : ");
r1 = input.nextInt();
while((r1<1) || (r1>4)){
System.out.print("Invalid coordinate!! Re-enter first card row : ");
r1 = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print("Please insert the first card column : ");
c1 = input.nextInt();
while((c1<1) || (c1>4)){
System.out.print("Invalid coordinate!! Re-enter first card column : ");
c1 = input.nextInt();
}
if(cardstatus[r1-1][c1-1] == true){
System.out.println("The card is already flipped!! Select another card.");
System.out.println("");
}
}while(cardstatus[r1-1][c1-1] != false);
do{
System.out.print("Please insert the second card row : ");
r2 = input.nextInt();
while((r2<1) || (r2>4)){
System.out.print("Invalid coordinate!! Re-enter second card row : ");
r2 = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print("Please insert the second card column : ");
c2 = input.nextInt();
while((c2<1) || (c2>4)){
System.out.print("Invalid coordinate!! Re-enter second card column : ");
c2 = input.nextInt();
}
if(cardstatus[r2-1][c2-1] == true){
System.out.println("The card is already flipped!! Select another card.");
}
if((r1==r2)&&(c1==c2)){
System.out.println("You can't select the same card twice!!");
continue;
}
}while(cardstatus[r2-1][c2-1] != false);
r1--;
c1--;
r2--;
c2--;
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
for(int r=0;r<4;r++){
for(int c=0;c<4;c++){
if((r==r1)&&(c==c1)){
System.out.print(cards[r][c]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
else if((r==r2)&&(c==c2)){
System.out.print(cards[r][c]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
else if(cardstatus[r][c] == true){
System.out.print(cards[r][c]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
else{
System.out.print("*");
System.out.print(" ");
}
}
System.out.println(" ");
System.out.println(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
if(cards[r1][c1] == cards[r2][c2]){
System.out.println("Cards Matched!!");
cardstatus[r1][c1] = true;
cardstatus[r2][c2] = true;
}
else{
System.out.println("No cards match!!");
}
Thread.sleep(2000);
for(int b=0;b<25;b++){
System.out.println("");
}
for(int r=0;r<4;r++){
for(int c=0;c<4;c++){
if(cardstatus[r][c] == true){
System.out.print(cards[r][c]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
else{
System.out.print("*");
System.out.print(" ");
}
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
gameover = true;
for(int r=0;r<4;r++){
for( int c=0;c<4;c++){
if(cardstatus[r][c]==false){
gameover = false;
break;
}
}
if(gameover==false){
break;
}
}
moves++;
}while(gameover != true);
System.out.println("Congratulations, you won!!");
System.out.println("It required " + moves + " moves to finish it.");
System.out.println("");
System.out.print("Would you like to play again? (1=Yes / 0=No) : ");
ans = input.nextInt();
}while(ans == 1);
}
}
主要课程是:
import java.util.*;
public class PlayCard{
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
Card game = new Card();
game.play();
}
}
我应该通过创建其他类来简化Card类吗？
通过这段代码,我的javadoc没有构造函数.所以我需要帮助!
Mar*_*ett 12
但我不知道如何处理构造函数以及哪些变量应该是私有的.
无论可能是什么,应该是private.要确定这一点,通常最容易标记所有内容 private,然后当您遇到"痛点"时将其推广到public.
至于你需要什么类,看看现有的"气味"代码,例如:
int[][] cards = new int[4][4];
你有一个"命名原语" 1 - 它经常被使用.这使它成为您程序的重要名词.将其封装到一个类中:
public class Cards {
private int[][] cards = new int[4][4];
}
现在,查看您在哪里操作该命名原语:
shuffle(cards);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
System.out.print(cards[i][j]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
}
这些是方法的主要目标:
public class Cards {
private int[][] cards = new int[4][4];
public void shuffle() {
// existing shuffle method goes here - but works with private cards
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
System.out.print(cards[i][j]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
}
}
然后 - 看看简单的概括方法.Cards目前硬编码为4 x 4板 - 让我们参数化:
public class Cards {
private int width;
private int length;
private int[][] cards;
public void shuffle() {
// existing shuffle method goes here - but works with private cards
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++){
System.out.print(cards[i][j]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
}
}
现在我们需要有人提供length和width- 这就是构造函数的用途:
public class Cards {
private int width;
private int length;
private int[][] cards;
public Cards(int length, int width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
this.cards = new int[length][width];
}
public void shuffle() {
// existing shuffle method goes here - but works with private cards
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++){
System.out.print(cards[i][j]);
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("");
}
}
然后,我们意识到这Cards不是一个好名字...它更多的是Board- 重命名它并继续下一个"命名原语"或闻到2.
1我使用"named primitive"来表示相同的原始类型,它是全局的或在具有相同名称的方法之间传递.由于没有类,语义意义纯粹是名称 - 通常这个名称是一个类的一个很好的起点.它与众所周知的"原始痴迷"代码气味有关,但略有不同,因为它不需要伪装成类的大量原始类型.可以将单个命名基元提升为类.
2许多代码气味特别适用于OOP代码.为了查看您尝试转换为OO的过程代码,我认为"原始的痴迷","数据集块","消息链"和"长参数列表"是最相关的.
它看起来像经典的记忆游戏,使用卡片.我看到四个主要类:
以下是一些建议的属性和方法.它不完整,但它应该让你去.
Game
previewDuration
selectedRow
selectedColumn
selectedMatchRow
selectedMatchColumn
deck
grid
main()
promptForColumn()
promptForRow()
preview()
loadGrid()
Deck
cardCount
shuffle()
getNextCard()
Card
caption
equals()
Grid
width
height
getCardAtPos()