从django中的用户名获取User对象

Question

我正在 django celery 任务中尝试以下代码

@app.task
def search(q, userstring):
    uid = User.objects.get(username=userstring)
    messages.info(uid, 'Initiating search in background.')
    [...]

我的观点是这样称呼它：

search.delay(self.request.user.get_username(), form.instance.query)

我收到以下错误：

>[2014-06-05 12:04:04,352: ERROR/MainProcess] Task listthings.tasks.search[5aaa77b4-c7be-4d6a-9127-626e63d0dfbe] raised unexpected: DoesNotExist('User matching query does not >exist.',)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/webapps/wcw/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 240, in trace_task
    R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/webapps/wcw/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 437, in __protected_call__
    return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
  __File "/webapps/wcw/webcamwatch/listcams/tasks.py", line 44, in search
    uid = User.objects.get(username=userstring)__
  File "/webapps/wcw/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 151, in get
    return self.get_queryset().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/webapps/wcw/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 310, in get
    self.model._meta.object_name)
Exception: User matching query does not exist.

我想要实现的是将活动用户从视图传递到django-aync-messages

任何建议或指出我的错误（包括更好的方法！）的感激不尽。

Answer 1

您查询用户的方式没有任何问题。您的代码的问题在于您以错误的顺序传递了变量：任务正在等待，(q, userstring)但您正在传递(username, query)。

但是我想知道当您可以简单地传递 User 实例的主键时，为什么要查询用户名：

def search(q, user_id):
    uid = User.objects.get(pk=user_id)

并称其为：

search.delay(form.instance.query, self.request.user.pk)