从WKWebView中的本机代码调用JavaScript函数

Question

在iOS 8中使用WKWebView,如何从本机端运行JavaScript函数或以其他方式从本机端到JavaScript进行通信？似乎没有类似于UIWebView的方法stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:.

(我可以- addScriptMessageHandler:name:在configuration.userContentController对象上使用以允许从JS到本地的通信,但我正在寻找相反的方向.)

Answer 1

(我在这里提出这个问题之后不久就提交了雷达.)

几天前刚刚添加了一种新方法(感谢jcesarmobile指出它):

添加-[WKWebView evaluateJavaScript:completionHandler:]
http://trac.webkit.org/changeset/169765

该方法适用于iOS 8 beta 3及更高版本.这是新方法签名:

/* @abstract Evaluates the given JavaScript string. 
 @param javaScriptString The JavaScript string to evaluate. 
 @param completionHandler A block to invoke when script evaluation completes
     or fails. 
 @discussion The completionHandler is passed the result of the script evaluation
     or an error. 
*/ 
- (void)evaluateJavaScript:(NSString *)javaScriptString
         completionHandler:(void (^)(id, NSError *))completionHandler; 

文档可在此处获取:https://developer.apple.com/documentation/webkit/wkwebview/1415017-evaluatejavascript.

Answer 2

细节

Xcode 9.1,Swift 4

描述

该脚本将插入到将在WKWebView中显示的页面中.此脚本将返回页面URL(但您可以编写另一个JavaScript代码).这意味着脚本事件是在网页上生成的,但它将在我们的函数中处理:

func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {...}

解

extension WKUserScript {
    enum Defined: String {
        case getUrlAtDocumentStartScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentStart"
        case getUrlAtDocumentEndScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentEnd"

        var name: String { return rawValue }

        private var injectionTime: WKUserScriptInjectionTime {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return .atDocumentStart
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return .atDocumentEnd
            }
        }

        private var forMainFrameOnly: Bool {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return false
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return false
            }
        }

        private var source: String {
            switch self {
            case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript:
                return "webkit.messageHandlers.\(name).postMessage(document.URL)"
            }
        }

        fileprivate func create() -> WKUserScript {
            return WKUserScript(source: source,
                                injectionTime: injectionTime,
                                forMainFrameOnly: forMainFrameOnly)
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
    func add(script: WKUserScript.Defined, scriptMessageHandler: WKScriptMessageHandler) {
        userContentController.addUserScript(script.create())
        userContentController.add(scriptMessageHandler, name: script.name)
    }
}

用法

初始化WKWebView

 let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
 config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)
 config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)

 webView = WKWebView(frame:  UIScreen.main.bounds, configuration: config)
 webView.navigationDelegate = self
 view.addSubview(webView)

抓住事件

extension ViewController: WKScriptMessageHandler {
    func userContentController (_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
        if  let script = WKUserScript.Defined(rawValue: message.name),
            let url = message.webView?.url {
                switch script {
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: print("start: \(url)")
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: print("end: \(url)")
                }
        }
    }
}

完整代码示例

import UIKit
import WebKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, WKNavigationDelegate {

    private var webView = WKWebView()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
        config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)
        config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)

        webView = WKWebView(frame:  UIScreen.main.bounds, configuration: config)
        webView.navigationDelegate = self
        view.addSubview(webView)
    }

    override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
        super.viewDidAppear(animated)
        webView.load(urlString: "http://apple.com")
    }
}

extension ViewController: WKScriptMessageHandler {
    func userContentController (_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
        if  let script = WKUserScript.Defined(rawValue: message.name),
            let url = message.webView?.url {
                switch script {
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: print("start: \(url)")
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: print("end: \(url)")
                }
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebView {
    func load(urlString: String) {
        if let url = URL(string: urlString) {
            load(URLRequest(url: url))
        }
    }
}

extension WKUserScript {
    enum Defined: String {
        case getUrlAtDocumentStartScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentStart"
        case getUrlAtDocumentEndScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentEnd"

        var name: String { return rawValue }

        private var injectionTime: WKUserScriptInjectionTime {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return .atDocumentStart
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return .atDocumentEnd
            }
        }

        private var forMainFrameOnly: Bool {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return false
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return false
            }
        }

        private var source: String {
            switch self {
            case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript:
                return "webkit.messageHandlers.\(name).postMessage(document.URL)"
            }
        }

        fileprivate func create() -> WKUserScript {
            return WKUserScript(source: source,
                                injectionTime: injectionTime,
                                forMainFrameOnly: forMainFrameOnly)
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
    func add(script: WKUserScript.Defined, scriptMessageHandler: WKScriptMessageHandler) {
        userContentController.addUserScript(script.create())
        userContentController.add(scriptMessageHandler, name: script.name)
    }
}

的Info.plist

添加Info.plist传输安全设置

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

结果

资源

文档对象属性和方法

Answer 3

它可能不是一种理想的方法,但根据您的用例,您可以在感染用户脚本后重新加载WKWebView:

NSString *scriptSource = @"alert('WKWebView JS Call!')";

WKUserScript *userScript = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:scriptSource
                                                  injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentEnd
                                               forMainFrameOnly:YES];

[wkWebView.configuration.userContentController addUserScript:userScript];
[wkWebView reload];