Windows 窗体中的布局困难
ipo*_*rto 0 c# user-interface winforms
我正在使用 Windows 窗体使用 C# 编写应用程序。它是一个带有菜单、选项卡式窗格、网格和状态栏的表单。我希望即使在调整窗口大小时控件也能正确显示。如果我将控件添加到窗体而不使用任何布局面板，菜单栏将显示在选项卡的顶部（参见图 1）。另一方面，如果我使用 FlowLayoutPanel 从上到下添加组件，则控件不会填充可用空间（参见图 2）。
\n\n编辑：我无法使用 TableLayoutPanel 解决它。垂直空间也没有被填充。参见图 3。
\n\n可能是什么问题？在 Windows 窗体中使用布局的常用方法是什么？先感谢您。
\n\n
代码如下：
\n\nusing System;\nusing System.Collections.Generic;\nusing System.ComponentModel;\nusing System.Data;\nusing System.Drawing;\nusing System.Linq;\nusing System.Text;\nusing System.Threading.Tasks;\nusing System.Windows.Forms;\nusing AGAPconsole;\n\nnamespace AGAP\n{\npublic partial class MainForm : Form\n{\n\n private String user;\n private ClassDatabase db;\n\n private TableLayoutPanel mainPanel;\n private TabControl mainTabControl;\n private TabPage mainTabPage;\n\n // Grid de actuaciones\n private DataGridView actuacionesGrid;\n private ContextMenuStrip actuacionesContextMenuStrip;\n private ToolStripMenuItem verTramitesMenuItem;\n private ToolStripMenuItem verEncargosMenuItem;\n private ToolStripMenuItem verTrabajosMenuItem;\n private ToolStripMenuItem verDatosObraMenuItem;\n\n // Barra de estado\n private StatusStrip mainStatusStrip;\n private ToolStripStatusLabel mainStatusLabel;\n\n // Menu\n private MenuStrip mainMenuStrip;\n private ToolStripMenuItem archivoMenuItem;\n private ToolStripMenuItem salirMenuItem;\n private ToolStripMenuItem abrirMenuItem;\n\n // Importacion\n private OpenFileDialog openFileDialog;\n\n // Users\n public static String USER_CONSULTA_CORUNA = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n C (R)";\n public static String USER_EDICION_CORUNA = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n C (RW)";\n public static String USER_CONSULTA_OURENSE = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n OU-LU (R)";\n public static String USER_EDICION_OURENSE = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n OU-LU (RW)";\n public static String USER_CONSULTA_PONTEVEDRA = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n PO (R)";\n public static String USER_EDICION_PONTEVEDRA = "Delegaci\xc3\xb3n PO (RW)";\n public static String USER_IMPORTACION = "Importaci\xc3\xb3n";\n public static String USER_ZONA = "Zona";\n\n public static String[] USERS = { USER_ZONA, USER_CONSULTA_CORUNA, \n USER_EDICION_CORUNA, USER_CONSULTA_OURENSE, \n USER_EDICION_OURENSE, USER_CONSULTA_PONTEVEDRA, \n USER_EDICION_PONTEVEDRA, USER_IMPORTACION };\n\n public MainForm(String user)\n {\n this.user = user;\n db = new ClassDatabase();\n //InitializeComponent();\n //this.AutoScaleDimensions = new SizeF(6F, 13F);\n this.AutoScaleMode = AutoScaleMode.Font;\n this.ClientSize = new Size(984, 762);\n this.Name = "MainForm";\n //this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;\n this.Text = "AGAP";\n this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;\n this.BackColor = SystemColors.Window;\n\n this.Controls.Add(CreateMainPanel());\n\n // Menu\n mainPanel.Controls.Add(CreateMainMenuStrip());\n\n // Contenido dependiendo del usuario\n\n // El menu tendra Archivo -> Salir a no ser que sea el usuario de importacion,\n // que tendra mas cosas.\n if (!user.Equals(USER_IMPORTACION))\n {\n //CreateArchivoSalir();\n CreateSalir();\n }\n\n if (user.Equals(USER_ZONA))\n {\n this.Text = "AGAP Visualizaci\xc3\xb3n de datos";\n InitVisualizacion();\n }\n\n if (user.Equals(USER_IMPORTACION))\n {\n this.Text = "AGAP Importaci\xc3\xb3n de datos";\n InitImportacion();\n }\n\n // Barra de estado\n mainPanel.Controls.Add(CreateMainStatusStrip());\n this.mainStatusLabel.Text = "Autenticado como " + user;\n }\n\n private void InitImportacion()\n {\n CreateOpenFileDialog();\n // this.Controls.Add(CreateMainPanel());\n // mainPanel.Controls.Add(CreateMainMenuStrip());\n mainMenuStrip.Items.Add(CreateArchivoMenuItem());\n archivoMenuItem.DropDownItems.Add(CreateAbrirMenuItem());\n archivoMenuItem.DropDownItems.Add("-");\n archivoMenuItem.DropDownItems.Add(CreateSalirMenuItem());\n }\n\n private void InitVisualizacion()\n {\n // this.Controls.Add(CreateMainPanel());\n mainPanel.Controls.Add(CreateMainTabControl());\n mainTabPage.Controls.Add(CreateActuacionesGrid());\n mainTabPage.Text = "Actuaciones";\n actuacionesGrid.Name = "actuacionesGrid";\n }\n\n private OpenFileDialog CreateOpenFileDialog()\n {\n if (openFileDialog == null)\n {\n openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();\n openFileDialog.AutoUpgradeEnabled = true;\n openFileDialog.Filter = "Archivos CSV, Excel (*.csv, *.xls, *.xlsx)|*.csv;*.xls;*.xlsx|Todos los archivos (*.*)|*.*";\n openFileDialog.ValidateNames = true;\n }\n return openFileDialog;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateAbrirMenuItem()\n {\n if (abrirMenuItem == null)\n {\n abrirMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n abrirMenuItem.Name = "abrirMenuItem";\n abrirMenuItem.Text = "&Abrir...";\n abrirMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(abrirMenuItem_Click);\n abrirMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.O)));\n }\n return abrirMenuItem;\n }\n\n private void abrirMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n DialogResult result = openFileDialog.ShowDialog();\n if (result == DialogResult.OK)\n {\n bool ret = false;\n string file = openFileDialog.FileName;\n if (file.EndsWith(".csv"))\n {\n ret = CSVparser.parseCSV(file);\n }\n else\n {\n // Parse Excel file\n }\n string messageBoxText;\n MessageBoxIcon icon;\n if (ret)\n {\n messageBoxText = "Importaci\xc3\xb3n finalizada";\n icon = MessageBoxIcon.Information;\n }\n else\n {\n messageBoxText = "La importaci\xc3\xb3n ha fracasado. Se ha producido un error.";\n icon = MessageBoxIcon.Warning;\n }\n string caption = "AGAP Importaci\xc3\xb3n de datos";\n MessageBoxButtons buttons = MessageBoxButtons.OK;\n MessageBox.Show(messageBoxText, caption, buttons, icon);\n }\n }\n\n private void CreateSalir()\n {\n mainMenuStrip.Items.Add(CreateSalirMenuItem());\n }\n\n private void CreateArchivoSalir()\n {\n mainMenuStrip.Items.Add(CreateArchivoMenuItem());\n archivoMenuItem.DropDownItems.Add(CreateSalirMenuItem());\n }\n\n #region Creacion de controles\n private MenuStrip CreateMainMenuStrip()\n {\n if (mainMenuStrip == null)\n {\n mainMenuStrip = new MenuStrip();\n mainMenuStrip.Name = "mainMenuStrip";\n mainMenuStrip.Anchor = AnchorStyles.Top | AnchorStyles.Left | AnchorStyles.Right;\n }\n return mainMenuStrip;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateArchivoMenuItem()\n {\n if (archivoMenuItem == null)\n {\n archivoMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n archivoMenuItem.Name = "archivoToolStripMenuItem";\n archivoMenuItem.Text = "&Archivo";\n\n }\n return archivoMenuItem;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateSalirMenuItem()\n {\n if (salirMenuItem == null)\n {\n salirMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n salirMenuItem.Name = "salirToolStripMenuItem";\n salirMenuItem.Text = "&Salir...";\n salirMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(salirMenuItem_Click);\n salirMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.Q)));\n }\n return salirMenuItem;\n }\n\n private StatusStrip CreateMainStatusStrip()\n {\n if (mainStatusStrip == null)\n {\n mainStatusStrip = new StatusStrip();\n mainStatusStrip.Name = "mainStatusStrip";\n mainStatusStrip.BackColor = SystemColors.Window;\n mainStatusStrip.Anchor = AnchorStyles.Bottom | AnchorStyles.Left | AnchorStyles.Right;\n mainStatusStrip.Items.Add(CreateMainStatusLabel());\n }\n return mainStatusStrip;\n }\n\n private ToolStripStatusLabel CreateMainStatusLabel()\n {\n if (mainStatusLabel == null)\n {\n mainStatusLabel = new ToolStripStatusLabel();\n mainStatusLabel.Name = "mainStatusLabel";\n mainStatusLabel.BackColor = SystemColors.Window;\n }\n return mainStatusLabel;\n }\n private TableLayoutPanel CreateMainPanel()\n {\n if (mainPanel == null)\n {\n mainPanel = new TableLayoutPanel();\n mainPanel.Name = "mainPanel";\n mainPanel.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;\n //mainPanel.FlowDirection = FlowDirection.TopDown;\n mainPanel.Size = new Size(1280, 1024);\n mainPanel.ColumnCount = 1;\n mainPanel.RowCount = 3;\n }\n return mainPanel;\n }\n\n private TabControl CreateMainTabControl()\n {\n if (mainTabControl == null)\n {\n mainTabControl = new TabControl();\n mainTabControl.Controls.Add(CreateMainTabPage());\n //mainTabControl.Location = new Point(0, 0);\n mainTabControl.Name = "mainTabControl";\n mainTabControl.SelectedIndex = 0;\n //this.mainTabControl.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(745, 559);\n //mainTabControl.TabIndex = 0;\n //mainTabControl.Size = new Size(1280, 1024);\n mainTabControl.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;\n //mainTabControl.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom | DockStyle.Top | DockStyle.Left;\n //mainTabControl.Anchor = AnchorStyles.Bottom | AnchorStyles.Top | AnchorStyles.Left | AnchorStyles.Right ;\n mainTabControl.MouseClick += new MouseEventHandler(mainTabControl_MouseClick);\n }\n return mainTabControl;\n }\n\n private void mainTabControl_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)\n {\n if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right)\n {\n ContextMenuStrip cms = CreateMainTabControlContextMenuStrip();\n cms.Show(mainTabControl, e.Location);\n }\n if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Middle)\n {\n if (mainTabControl.SelectedIndex != 0)\n {\n mainTabControl.TabPages.Remove(mainTabControl.SelectedTab);\n }\n }\n }\n\n private ContextMenuStrip CreateMainTabControlContextMenuStrip()\n {\n ContextMenuStrip cms = new ContextMenuStrip();\n cms.Items.AddRange(new ToolStripMenuItem[] { CreateCloseTabMenuItem() });\n return cms;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateCloseTabMenuItem()\n {\n var closeTabMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n closeTabMenuItem.Text = "&Cerrar pesta\xc3\xb1a";\n closeTabMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(closeTabMenuItem_Click);\n //closeTabMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.F4)));\n return closeTabMenuItem;\n }\n\n private void closeTabMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n if (mainTabControl.SelectedIndex != 0)\n {\n mainTabControl.TabPages.Remove(mainTabControl.SelectedTab);\n }\n }\n\n private TabPage CreateTabPage()\n {\n var tabPage = new TabPage();\n //tabPage.Location = new Point(4, 22);\n //tabPage.Padding = new Padding(3);\n //tabPage.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;\n return tabPage;\n }\n\n private TabPage CreateMainTabPage()\n {\n if (mainTabPage == null)\n {\n mainTabPage = CreateTabPage();\n mainTabPage.Name = "mainTabPage";\n mainTabPage.Text = "Actuaciones";\n //mainTabPage.TabIndex = 0;\n }\n return mainTabPage;\n }\n\n private DataGridView CreateGrid()\n {\n DataGridView grid = new DataGridView();\n // Propiedades fijas\n grid.AllowUserToOrderColumns = true;\n grid.RowHeadersVisible = false;\n grid.StandardTab = false;\n grid.ReadOnly = true;\n grid.SelectionMode = DataGridViewSelectionMode.FullRowSelect;\n grid.MultiSelect = false;\n grid.ScrollBars = ScrollBars.Both;\n grid.AutoSizeRowsMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeRowsMode.DisplayedCells;\n grid.BackgroundColor = SystemColors.Window;\n\n // Propiedades dudosas\n //grid.ColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode = DataGridViewColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode.AutoSize;\n grid.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;\n //grid.Location = new Point(0, 0);\n //grid.RowHeadersWidthSizeMode = DataGridViewRowHeadersWidthSizeMode.AutoSizeToAllHeaders;\n grid.TabIndex = 0;\n //grid.Size = new Size(1280, 1024);\n //grid.AutoSizeColumnsMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.Fill;\n //grid.AutoSize = true;\n\n //grid.PerformLayout();\n\n return grid;\n }\n\n private DataGridView CreateActuacionesGrid()\n {\n if (actuacionesGrid == null)\n {\n actuacionesGrid = CreateGrid();\n actuacionesGrid.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(actuacionesGrid_MouseDown);\n actuacionesGrid.DataSource = ComunicacionBD.SelectActuaciones(db).Tables[0].DefaultView;\n actuacionesGrid.ContextMenuStrip = CreateActuacionesContextMenuStrip();\n }\n return actuacionesGrid;\n }\n\n private ContextMenuStrip CreateActuacionesContextMenuStrip()\n {\n if (actuacionesContextMenuStrip == null)\n {\n actuacionesContextMenuStrip = new ContextMenuStrip();\n actuacionesContextMenuStrip.Name = "actuacionesContextMenuStrip";\n actuacionesContextMenuStrip.Items.AddRange(new ToolStripMenuItem[] { CreateVerTramitesMenuItem(),\n CreateVerEncargosMenuItem(), CreateVerTrabajosMenuItem(), CreateVerDatosObraMenuItem()});\n }\n return actuacionesContextMenuStrip;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateVerDatosObraMenuItem()\n {\n if (verDatosObraMenuItem == null)\n {\n verDatosObraMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n verDatosObraMenuItem.Name = "verDatosObraMenuItem";\n verDatosObraMenuItem.Text = "Ver &datos de obra";\n verDatosObraMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(verDatosObraMenuItem_Click);\n verDatosObraMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.D)));\n }\n return verDatosObraMenuItem;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateVerTramitesMenuItem()\n {\n if (verTramitesMenuItem == null)\n {\n verTramitesMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n verTramitesMenuItem.Name = "verTramitesMenuItem";\n verTramitesMenuItem.Text = "Ver &tr\xc3\xa1mites";\n verTramitesMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(verTramitesMenuItem_Click);\n verTramitesMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.T)));\n }\n return verTramitesMenuItem;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateVerEncargosMenuItem()\n {\n if (verEncargosMenuItem == null)\n {\n verEncargosMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n verEncargosMenuItem.Name = "verEncargosMenuItem";\n verEncargosMenuItem.Text = "Ver &encargos";\n verEncargosMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(verEncargosMenuItem_Click);\n verEncargosMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.E)));\n }\n return verEncargosMenuItem;\n }\n\n private ToolStripMenuItem CreateVerTrabajosMenuItem()\n {\n if (verTrabajosMenuItem == null)\n {\n verTrabajosMenuItem = new ToolStripMenuItem();\n verTrabajosMenuItem.Name = "verTrabajosMenuItem";\n verTrabajosMenuItem.Text = "Ver t&rabajos";\n verTrabajosMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(verTrabajosMenuItem_Click);\n verTrabajosMenuItem.ShortcutKeys = ((Keys)((Keys.Control | Keys.W)));\n }\n return verTrabajosMenuItem;\n }\n\n #endregion\n\n #region Event Handlers\n private void actuacionesGrid_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)\n {\n if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right)\n {\n var hti = actuacionesGrid.HitTest(e.X, e.Y);\n actuacionesGrid.ClearSelection();\n actuacionesGrid.Rows[hti.RowIndex].Selected = true;\n }\n }\n\n private void verTramitesMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n // Coger la actuacion seleccionada.\n //Actuacion act = (Actuacion) actuacionesGrid.CurrentRow.DataBoundItem;\n string obraid = actuacionesGrid.CurrentRow.Cells["ObraId"].Value.ToString();\n\n // Crear la pesta\xc3\xb1a.\n var tabPage = CreateTabPage();\n tabPage.Name = "tramitesTabPage" + obraid;\n tabPage.Text = "Tr\xc3\xa1mites actuaci\xc3\xb3n " + obraid;\n mainTabControl.TabPages.Add(tabPage);\n mainTabControl.SelectedTab = tabPage;\n\n // Crear el FlowLayoutPanel\n //var panel = new FlowLayoutPanel();\n //tabPage.Controls.Add(panel);\n\n // Crear el panel con las labels de la actuacion\n //panel.Controls.Add(CreateActuacionPanel(act));\n\n // Crear la tabla\n var grid = CreateTramitesGrid();\n grid.DataSource = ComunicacionBD.SelectTramites(db, obraid).Tables[0].DefaultView;\n tabPage.Controls.Add(grid);\n }\n\n private void verDatosObraMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n // Coger la actuacion seleccionada.\n //Actuacion act = (Actuacion) actuacionesGrid.CurrentRow.DataBoundItem;\n string obraid = actuacionesGrid.CurrentRow.Cells["ObraId"].Value.ToString();\n\n // Crear la pesta\xc3\xb1a.\n var tabPage = CreateTabPage();\n tabPage.Name = "datosObraTabPage" + obraid;\n tabPage.Text = "Datos de obra " + obraid;\n mainTabControl.TabPages.Add(tabPage);\n mainTabControl.SelectedTab = tabPage;\n\n // Crear el FlowLayoutPanel\n //var panel = new FlowLayoutPanel();\n //tabPage.Controls.Add(panel);\n\n // Crear el panel con las labels de la actuacion\n //panel.Controls.Add(CreateActuacionPanel(act));\n\n // Crear la tabla\n var grid = CreateTramitesGrid();\n grid.DataSource = ComunicacionBD.SelectDatosObra(db, obraid).Tables[0].DefaultView;\n tabPage.Controls.Add(grid);\n }\n\n\n private Panel CreateActuacionPanel(Actuacion act)\n {\n var actuacionPanel = new FlowLayoutPanel();\n actuacionPanel.FlowDirection = FlowDirection.LeftToRight;\n\n var actuacionLabel = new Label();\n actuacionLabel.Text = "Actuaci\xc3\xb3n: " + act.ActuacionId;\n\n var descLabel = new Label();\n descLabel.Text = "Descripci\xc3\xb3n: " + act.Descripcion;\n\n actuacionPanel.Controls.Add(actuacionLabel);\n actuacionPanel.Controls.Add(descLabel);\n return actuacionPanel;\n }\n\n private DataGridView CreateTramitesGrid()\n {\n var grid = CreateG
你必须使用TableLayoutPanel而不是FlowLayoutPanel.
FlowLayoutPanel用于形成一堆控件，一个接一个地解决环绕问题。
TableLayoutPanel是一个包含各种单元格操作的表格：垂直/水平延伸到更多单元格、调整大小、比例等。
对于您的任务，您将需要TableLayoutPanel：
- 只有一栏；
- 3 行：用于菜单（自动调整大小）、用于
DataGridView（我猜是在选项卡式窗格内？）（100%）和状态栏（自动调整大小）。
然后将TableLayoutPanel对接设置为Fill，应该就差不多了。
提示：在将 row 设置为 之前，请确保将控件放入单元格内AutoSize。
这里的要点是TableLayoutPanel可以分配指定的百分比（在我们的例子中100%或任何其他值都可以，因为只有 1 行请求大小百分比），并且如果面板大小更改，将增加/减少单元格大小。然后，您可以使用单元格以您喜欢的方式将控件停靠/锚定在单元格内。对于这一点，请参阅@Hassan Nisar的回答，尽管它已经被投票，但它不会以当前的形式解决您的问题，也许是有用的;-)。