olf*_*olf 6 c# asynchronous task-parallel-library async-await
创建了以下控制台应用程序后,我有点困惑为什么它似乎同步运行而不是异步运行:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
stopwatch.Start();
var total = CreateMultipleTasks();
stopwatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Total jobs done: {0} ms", total.Result);
Console.WriteLine("Jobs done in: {0} ms", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
}
static async Task<int> CreateMultipleTasks()
{
var task1 = WaitForMeAsync(5000);
var task2 = WaitForMeAsync(3000);
var task3 = WaitForMeAsync(4000);
var val1 = await task1;
var val2 = await task2;
var val3 = await task3;
return val1 + val2 + val3;
}
static Task<int> WaitForMeAsync(int ms)
{
Thread.Sleep(ms);
return Task.FromResult(ms);
}
}
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运行应用程序时,输出为:
完成的工作总数:12000 ms
工作完成时间:12003 ms
我原以为是会像以下一样:
完成的工作总数:12000 ms
工作完成时间:5003 ms
这是因为当我使用Thread.Sleep方法时它会停止进一步执行整个应用程序吗?或者我错过了一些重要的东西?
即使您转换为 usingTask.Run或Task.Delay其他答案建议的那样,您也应该避免Task.WaitAll在内部的任何地方使用阻塞asyncmethods。混合异步和同步代码通常是一个坏主意,它会增加冗余阻塞线程的数量并促进死锁。
相反,使用await Task.WhenAll阻塞等待并将其移动到顶层(即Main本例中的方法):
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
stopwatch.Start();
var total = CreateMultipleTasks();
total.Wait();
stopwatch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("Total jobs done: {0} ms", total.Result);
Console.WriteLine("Jobs done in: {0} ms", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
}
static async Task<int> CreateMultipleTasks()
{
var task1 = Task.Run(() => WaitForMeAsync(5000));
var task2 = Task.Run(() => WaitForMeAsync(3000));
var task3 = Task.Run(() => WaitForMeAsync(4000));
await Task.WhenAll(new Task[] { task1, task2, task3 });
return task1.Result + task2.Result + task3.Result;
}
static int WaitForMeAsync(int ms)
{
// assume Thread.Sleep is a placeholder for a CPU-bound work item
Thread.Sleep(ms);
return ms;
}
}
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另外,请查看 Stephen Toub 的“我应该为同步方法公开异步包装器吗?” 和“我应该为同步方法公开异步包装器吗?”
您以同步方式运行任务。你可以这样做:
static async Task<int> CreateMultipleTasks()
{
var task1 = Task.Run<int>(() => WaitForMeAsync(5000));
var task2 = Task.Run<int>(() => WaitForMeAsync(3000));
var task3 = Task.Run<int>(() => WaitForMeAsync(4000));
Task.WaitAll(new Task[] { task1, task2, task3 });
return task1.Result + task2.Result + taks3.Result;
}
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await连续使用三个任务不会并行运行任务。它只会在等待时释放线程(如果您使用await Task.Delay(ms)asThread.Sleep(ms)是阻塞操作),但当前执行不会在“睡眠”task2时继续task1。
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