如果我在 WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 权限中设置了 maxSdkVersion，为什么我的地图应用程序会崩溃？

Question

我已经按照此链接中的说明设置了我的地图。并WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE按照Android官方文档推荐的权限设置，即只为API级别18及以下请求此权限。所以，我有这个清单：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.myapp" >

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
                     android:maxSdkVersion="18"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.providers.gsf.permission.READ_GSERVICES"/>

    <uses-feature
        android:glEsVersion="0x00020000"
        android:required="true"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps"/>
        <activity
            android:name=".activities.HomeActivity" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />    
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
            android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />
        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.maps.v2.API_KEY"
            android:value="@string/map_api_key"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

但我正面临这个错误：

Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: The Maps API requires the additional following
permissions to be set in the AndroidManifest.xml to ensure a correct behavior: 
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

但是，正如我的清单中所示，我有这个许可。一个细节是，如果我只放了WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限，而不指定maxSdkVersion值，应用程序就可以正常工作。

这是 Android 错误还是我忘记了应用程序配置中的某些内容？

更新 1

这是日志猫：

 FATAL EXCEPTION: main
 Process: com.example.map, PID: 15534
 java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.map/com.example.map.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #11: Error inflating class fragment
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2195)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2245)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5017)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:779)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:595)
    at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
 Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #11: Error inflating class fragment
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:713)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:755)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:397)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:353)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:290)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1929)
    at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.superSetContentView(ActionBarActivity.java:216)
    at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegateICS.setContentView(ActionBarActivityDelegateICS.java:110)
    at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.setContentView(ActionBarActivity.java:76)
    at com.example.map.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:16)
    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5231)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1087)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2159)
    ... 11 more
 Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: The Maps API requires the additional following permissions to be set in the AndroidManifest.xml to ensure a correct behavior:
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    at maps.e.ci.a(Unknown Source)
    at maps.e.ay.a(Unknown Source)
    at maps.e.ay.a(Unknown Source)
    at maps.e.al.a(Unknown Source)
    at maps.e.bh.a(Unknown Source)
    at maps.e.bg.a(Unknown Source)
    at etu.onTransact(SourceFile:107)
    at android.os.Binder.transact(Binder.java:361)
    at com.google.android.gms.maps.internal.IMapFragmentDelegate$a$a.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
    at com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment$a.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
    at com.google.android.gms.dynamic.a$4.b(Unknown Source)
    at com.google.android.gms.dynamic.a.a(Unknown Source)
    at com.google.android.gms.dynamic.a.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
    at com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
    at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1500)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:911)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1093)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.addFragment(FragmentManager.java:1195)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:291)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:685)

更新 2

我的布局：

<fragment
    android:id="@+id/map"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    class="com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment" />

更新 3

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

Answer 1

如果您检查提供的<uses-permission>文档链接，您会看到它指出：

WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE当您的应用程序想要写入外部存储上自己的特定于应用程序的目录（由 提供的目录）时，您的应用程序不再需要请求权限getExternalFilesDir()。

看来 Maps API 需要对其他目录的写入权限。如果您检查您提供的其他链接的指定权限WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE部分，它仍然列出所需的权限，没有提及 API 级别 19 的例外情况。

在检查了许多关于 Maps API、Android API Level 19 和权限限制的在线资源后WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE，我发现没有任何来源或示例列出或引用使用 Maps API 且该权限仅限于 API 的工作示例18级及以下。再次，我引用您提供的链接，该链接表示“当您的应用程序想要写入外部存储上其自己的应用程序特定目录时”，API 级别 19 中不需要该权限。（我想指出的是，它只是说在这种情况下没有必要，并且绝不“建议”您绝对设置此限制。）Maps API需要对不属于您的应用程序的外部存储目录的写入权限。maxSdkVersion“无需指定值，应用程序即可正常工作”这一事实表明，即使在 KitKat 中，地图也需要该权限。该错误正是告诉您这一点。