在 C++11 之前的代码中,如果我正在寻找一个我不知道类型的成员变量,我如何使用 SFINAE 来检查该成员是否存在?
以下是使用您要求的成员检测器习惯用法的示例:
template<typename T>
struct has_x {
typedef char(&yes)[1];
typedef char(&no)[2];
// this creates an ambiguous &Derived::x if T has got member x
struct Fallback { char x; };
struct Derived : T, Fallback { };
template<typename U, U>
struct Check;
template<typename U>
static no test(Check<char Fallback::*, &U::x>*);
template<typename U>
static yes test(...);
static const bool value = sizeof(test<Derived>(0)) == sizeof(yes);
};
#include <iostream>
struct A { private: int x; }; // works with private, too
struct B { const char x; };
struct C { void x() volatile ; };
struct D : A { };
struct E {};
struct F : A, B {}; // note that &F::x is ambiguous, but
// the test with has_x will still succeed
int main()
{
std::cout
<< has_x<A>::value // 1
<< has_x<const B>::value // 1
<< has_x<volatile C>::value // 1
<< has_x<const volatile D>::value // 1
<< has_x<E>::value // 0
<< has_x<F>::value; // 1
}
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它也应该与 MSVC 一起使用。