Python在列表中对元素进行分组,其大小不断增加

Question

my_list = [my_list[int((i**2 + i)/2):int((i**2 + 3*i + 3)/2)] for i in range(int((-1 + (1 + 8*len(my_list))**0.5)/2))]

是否有更简洁的解决方案将列表元素分组为比这更大的子组？

例子:

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11] --> [[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10]]
[1, 2, 3, 4] --> [[1], [2, 3]]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] --> [[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

编辑

以下是结果timeit:

from timeit import Timer
from itertools import count

def martijn(it):
    it = iter(it)
    return list([next(it) for _ in range(s)] for s in count(1))

def mathematical(it):
    upper_bound = int(((1 + 8*len(it))**0.5 + 1)//2)
    return [it[i*(i-1)//2:i*(i+1)//2] for i in range(1, upper_bound)]

def time(test, n):
    a = Timer(lambda: martijn(test)).timeit(n)
    b = Timer(lambda: mathematical(test)).timeit(n)
    return round(a, 3), round(b, 3)

>>> for i in range(8):
        loops = 10**max(0, (6-i))
        print(time([n for n in range(10**i)], loops), loops)
(6.753, 4.416) 1000000
(1.166, 0.629) 100000
(0.366, 0.123) 10000
(0.217, 0.036) 1000
(0.164, 0.017) 100
(0.157, 0.017) 10
(0.167, 0.021) 1
(1.749, 0.251) 1
>>> for i in range(8):
        loops = 10**max(0, (6-i))
        print(time(range(10**i), loops), loops)
(6.721, 4.779) 1000000
(1.184, 0.796) 100000
(0.367, 0.173) 10000
(0.218, 0.051) 1000
(0.202, 0.015) 100
(0.178, 0.005) 10
(0.207, 0.002) 1
(1.872, 0.005) 1

Answer 1

使用生成器表达式:

from itertools import count

try:
    _range = xrange
except NameError:
    # Python 3
    _range = range


def incremental_window(it):
    """Produce monotonically increasing windows on an iterable.

    Only complete windows are yielded, if the last elements do not form
    a complete window they are ignored.

    incremental_window('ABCDEF') -> ['A'], ['B', 'C'], ['D', 'E', 'F']
    incremental_window('ABCDE') -> ['A'], ['B', 'C']

    """
    it = iter(it)
    return ([next(it) for _ in _range(s)] for s in count(1))

演示:

>>> list(incremental_window([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]))
[[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10]]
>>> list(incremental_window([1, 2, 3, 4]))
[[1], [2, 3]]
>>> list(incremental_window([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]))
[[1], [2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

这是一个可以与任何迭代一起使用的生成器,包括无穷无尽的迭代:

>>> from itertools import count
>>> for window in incremental_window(count()):
...     print window
...     if 25 in window:
...         break
... 
[0]
[1, 2]
[3, 4, 5]
[6, 7, 8, 9]
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14]
[15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]

你可以通过一点点作弊使"内联" iter()列表对象上的调用:

list([next(it) for _ in _range(s)] for it in (iter(my_list),) for s in count(1))