在OS X上使用pip安装bcrypt时出错:找不到ffi.h(已安装libffi)

Question

尝试使用pip安装bcrypt时出现此错误.我在几个地方安装了libffi(Xcode OS X SDK和自制软件),但我不知道如何告诉pip寻找它.有什么建议？

Downloading/unpacking bcrypt==1.0.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 41))
  Running setup.py egg_info for package bcrypt
    OS/X: confusion between 'cc' versus 'gcc' (see issue 123)
    will not use '__thread' in the C code
    c/_cffi_backend.c:14:10: fatal error: 'ffi.h' file not found
    #include <ffi.h>
             ^
    1 error generated.
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 16, in <module>
      File "/Users/cody/virtualenvs/analytics/build/bcrypt/setup.py", line 104, in <module>
        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3",
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 112, in setup
        _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolve
        dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_match
        return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtain
        return installer(requirement)
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg
      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 593, in easy_install

      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 623, in install_item

      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 811, in install_eggs

      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1017, in build_and_install

      File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1005, in run_setup

    distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    OS/X: confusion between 'cc' versus 'gcc' (see issue 123)

will not use '__thread' in the C code

c/_cffi_backend.c:14:10: fatal error: 'ffi.h' file not found

#include <ffi.h>

         ^

1 error generated.

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<string>", line 16, in <module>

  File "/Users/cody/virtualenvs/analytics/build/bcrypt/setup.py", line 104, in <module>

    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3",

  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 112, in setup

    _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolve

    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_match

    return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtain

    return installer(requirement)

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg

  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 593, in easy_install



  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 623, in install_item



  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 811, in install_eggs



  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1017, in build_and_install



  File "build/bdist.macosx-10.9-intel/egg/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1005, in run_setup



distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /Users/cody/virtualenvs/analytics/build/bcrypt

Answer 1

不使用sudo和CFLAGS和CPPFLAGS(pip不需要):

$ brew install pkg-config libffi
$ export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/Cellar/libffi/3.0.13/lib/pkgconfig/
$ pip install bcrypt

Answer 2

在这些 帖子的帮助下,我终于得到了以下内容:

brew install pkg-config libffi
sudo bash
export CFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
export CPPFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/Cellar/libffi/3.0.13/lib/pkgconfig/
pip install bcrypt

Answer 3

Xcode已经为我安装了(正如问题本身所提到的那样,它提供了ffi.h标头),但由于某些原因没有填充/ usr/include(如Zachary Young所提到的).我挖了一下,看看为什么没有填充/ usr/include,发现以下命令修复了它:

$ xcode-select --install

Yosemite和Xcode安装后缺少/ usr/include？