如何使用自定义构建Python创建virtualenv环境来解决此问题？

Question

我需要在预先安装了Python 2.3.4的Linux机器上运行一些代码.我不在该机器的sudoers列表中,所以我将Python 2.6.4构建到我的主目录的(子目录)中.然后我尝试使用virtualenv(第一次),但得到了:

$ Python-2.6.4/python virtualenv/virtualenv.py ENV
New python executable in ENV/bin/python
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Installing setuptools.........
 Complete output from command /apps/users/dspitzer/ENV/bin/python -c "#!python
\"\"\"Bootstrap setuptoo...

" /apps/users/dspitzer/virtualen...6.egg:
 Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
'import site' failed; use -v for traceback
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<string>", line 67, in <module>
ImportError: No module named md5
----------------------------------------
...Installing setuptools...done.
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 1488, in <module>
  main()
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 529, in main
  use_distribute=options.use_distribute)
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 619, in create_environment
  install_setuptools(py_executable, unzip=unzip_setuptools)
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 361, in install_setuptools
  _install_req(py_executable, unzip)
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 337, in _install_req
  cwd=cwd)
 File "virtualenv/virtualenv.py", line 590, in call_subprocess
  % (cmd_desc, proc.returncode))
OSError: Command /apps/users/dspitzer/ENV/bin/python -c "#!python
\"\"\"Bootstrap setuptoo...

" /apps/users/dspitzer/virtualen...6.egg failed with error code 1

我应该将PYTHONHOME设定为某个值吗？(由于缺少一个更好的名字,我故意将我的ENV命名为"ENV".)

不知道我是否可以忽略这些错误,我尝试在我的ENV中安装nose(0.11.1):

$ cd nose-0.11.1/
$ ls
AUTHORS    doc/               lgpl.txt     nose.egg-info/  selftest.py*
bin/       examples/          MANIFEST.in  nosetests.1     setup.cfg
build/     functional_tests/  NEWS         PKG-INFO        setup.py
CHANGELOG  install-rpm.sh*    nose/        README.txt      unit_tests/
$ ~/ENV/bin/python setup.py install
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "setup.py", line 1, in <module>
  from nose import __version__ as VERSION
 File "/apps/users/dspitzer/nose-0.11.1/nose/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
  from nose.core import collector, main, run, run_exit, runmodule
 File "/apps/users/dspitzer/nose-0.11.1/nose/core.py", line 3, in <module>
  from __future__ import generators
ImportError: No module named __future__

有什么建议？

Answer 1

你真的在你的自定义python构建上运行"make install"吗？通常你会想要做类似的事情

./configure --prefix=/path/to/installdir  (other options)
make
make install

注意前缀可以是您具有完全写入权限的任何目录,例如我经常在共享托管环境中使用$ HOME/apps.

然后运行/ path/to/installdir/bin/python,而不是构建目录中的那个.这应该创建正确的变量,然后你可以安装virtualenv.可能最好使用其setup.py安装virtualenv:

cd virtualenv_source_dir
/path/to/installdir/bin/python setup.py install

这可能需要首先使用相同的方法安装setuptools.

最后:

# Just to be safe
export PATH="/path/to/installdir/bin:$PATH" 

virtualenv ~/ENV
~/ENV/bin/pip install somepackage # (and such)