getActivity()调用导致RuntimeException:无法启动意图Intent act = android.intent.action.MAIN

Question

更新了#1:更多信息添加到本文末尾

我是Android开发和测试的新手.

我有三个Espresso测试.第一次测试通过,但第二次测试不会运行,因为在第二次测试之前在setUp()方法中调用getActivity()总是失败:

Blockquote java.lang.RuntimeException:无法在45秒内启动意图Intent {act = android.intent.action.MAIN flg = 0x10000000 cmp = my.packagename/.ActivityMain}....

第三次测试通过.

我在创建时没有任何长时间运行的操作,动画或网络调用.我可以点击我的应用程序中的所有菜单项,手动重复测试流程而不会出现问题.

出于某种原因,第一次测试在第二次测试之前"中断"setUp()中的getActivity()调用.以下所有测试(第二次测试后)都将运行正常.

我发现了类似的问题,但看起来它没有解决,它有一点点不同的问题.

测试代码:

import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Espresso.onData;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.Espresso.openActionBarOverflowOrOptionsMenu;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.instanceOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import net.humblegames.bodylasticscalculator.ActivityMain;
import net.humblegames.bodylasticscalculator.R;
import net.humblegames.bodylasticscalculator.applogic.BandSystem;

import org.hamcrest.BaseMatcher;
import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.util.Log;

public class MenuNavigationTestExperiment extends
        ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<ActivityMain> {

    private String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();
    private Activity activity;

    public MenuNavigationTestExperiment() {
        super(ActivityMain.class);
    }


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        Log.d(TAG, "SETUP");
        activity = getActivity();

        super.setUp();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        Log.d(TAG, "TEARDOWN");

        super.tearDown();
    }


    public void testFirst() {
        Log.d(TAG, "testFirst");

        clickMenuItem("Select band system");
        onData(allOf(is(instanceOf(BandSystem.class)), hasName("MMA Training")))
        .onChildView(withId(R.id.label)).perform(click());

        clickMenuItem("About");
        onView(withId(R.id.about_webview)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }

    public void testSecond() {
        Log.d(TAG, "testSecond");
        // this test will not run
    }


    public void testThird() {
        Log.d(TAG, "testThird");
        // this test will pass
    }

    // ------------------ HELPER METHODS ---------------------------------------

    private void clickMenuItem(String menuItem) {
        Log.d(TAG, "clickMenuItem");

        openActionBarOverflowOrOptionsMenu(getInstrumentation()
                .getTargetContext());

        onView(withText(menuItem)).perform(click());
    }

    private Matcher<BandSystem> hasName(final String name) {
        Log.d(TAG, "hasName");

        return new BaseMatcher<BandSystem>() {
            @Override
            public boolean matches(final Object item) {
                final BandSystem foo = (BandSystem) item;
                return name == foo.getName();
            }

            @Override
            public void describeTo(final Description description) {
                description.appendText("getName should return ").appendValue(
                        name);
            }
        };
    }

}

错误跟踪:

java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not launch intent Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN flg=0x10000000 cmp=net.humblegames.bodylasticscalculator/.ActivityMain } within 45 seconds. Perhaps the main thread has not gone idle within a reasonable amount of time? There could be an animation or something constantly repainting the screen. Or the activity is doing network calls on creation? See the threaddump logs. For your reference the last time the event queue was idle before your activity launch request was 1395582828351 and and now the last time the queue went idle was: 1395582830169. If these numbers are the same your activity might be hogging the event queue.
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentation.startActivitySync(GoogleInstrumentation.java:277)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.launchActivityWithIntent(InstrumentationTestCase.java:119)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.launchActivity(InstrumentationTestCase.java:97)
at android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.getActivity(ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.java:104)
at net.humblegames.bodylasticscalculator.test.MenuNavigationTestExperiment.setUp(MenuNavigationTestExperiment.java:42)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:191)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:176)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:554)
at com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner.java:167)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1701)

---

更新#1

我为该项目创建了一个干净的eclipse项目和一个干净的Espresso测试.我在Espresso测试运行期间能够重现相同的错误(但我仍然不确定这个错误的原因在我的真实应用程序中是否相同):

目标应用程序有3个活动(主要,第二,第三).用户通过单击菜单项在它们之间导航:主要活动开始第二个,第二个活动开始第三个.

我发现如果我在第一次测试中调用clickMenuItem()(见下文)和Thread.sleep(500),则会在第二次测试之前在getActivity()调用中导致setUp()崩溃.如果睡眠中的超时小于0.5秒,则不会发生崩溃.

同时如果调用Thread.sleep(10000)并且不调用clickMenuItem(),也不会发生崩溃.它将在第一次测试中成功睡眠10秒,并且还将通过第二次测试.

---

测试代码:

public class MainActivityTest extends
        ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {

    private String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();
    private Activity activity;

    public MainActivityTest() {
        super(MainActivity.class);    }

    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        Log.d(TAG, "SETUP");
        activity = getActivity();

        super.setUp();       }

    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        Log.d(TAG, "TEARDOWN");

        super.tearDown();    }


    public void testFirst() throws InterruptedException {
        Log.d(TAG, "testFirst");

        clickMenuItem("Start second activity");

        clickMenuItem("Start third activity");

        Thread.sleep(500);
    }

    public void testSecond() {
        Log.d(TAG, "testSecond");
        // this test will not run     }


    private void clickMenuItem(String menuItem) {
        Log.d(TAG, "clickMenuItem");

        openActionBarOverflowOrOptionsMenu(getInstrumentation()
                .getTargetContext());

        onView(withText(menuItem)).perform(click());      }    }

---

目标代码:

主要活动:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);         }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;        }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle item selection
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.action_start_second_activity:
            Intent intent = new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            return true;

        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
        }       }        }

第二项活动:

public class SecondActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);       }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.second, menu);
        return true;        }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle item selection
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.action_start_third_activity:
            Intent intent = new Intent(this, ThirdActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            return true;

        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
        }       }   }

第三项活动:

public class ThirdActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_third);    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.third, menu);
        return true;    }
}

Answer 1

我找到了一个解决方法.我添加了在tearDown()方法中多次点击后退按钮的代码,以关闭所有先前打开的活动.不幸的是,我没有找到另一种方法如何关闭Espresso中所有已打开的活动.为此,Robotium有一个非常方便的方法solo.finishOpenedActivities().

public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    Log.d(TAG, "TEARDOWN");

    goBackN();

    super.tearDown();
}

private void goBackN() {
    final int N = 10; // how many times to hit back button
    try {
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            Espresso.pressBack();
    } catch (com.google.android.apps.common.testing.ui.espresso.NoActivityResumedException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Closed all activities", e);
    }
}