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我写了一个java程序。现在我想在没有 IDE、Eclipse 等的情况下打开我的控制台 java 应用程序，但只需双击我桌面上的可执行版本。
我已经在 Runnable .JAR 文件中导出了 java 项目，但它无法打开。当我尝试使用 cmd 打开应用程序时。java -jar AppplicatonName.jar 一切正常。但是这个过程太复杂了，而且不是很人性化。
那么有没有可能的方法用 JAVA 做这样的事情？
提前致谢 ：）
根据操作系统创建一个bat或sh文件，然后放入java -jar ApplicationName.jar该文件。
您可以双击该文件以启动您的应用程序。
Windows 示例：
创建一个文件MyProgram.bat。在文本编辑器中打开文件。添加java -jar MyApplicationName.jar（将 MyApplicationName 替换为您的应用程序名称/jar 的名称）。保存文件。双击创建的文件以打开您的程序。
今天早上我遇到了同样的问题，进行了一些搜索，并根据可用的知识创建了一个静态类。它解决了 Windows 的问题，但其他系统的用户应该能够轻松添加必要的内容 - 我只是不知道正确的系统命令（如果有的话）。我留下了 printEnvironmentInfo() 方法来寻求帮助。
它能做什么：
它支持双击启动标准 Java 控制台应用程序，而无需更改操作系统或创建文件。程序是这样的：
如果您在 IDE 中，它就会返回。
如果您有控制台，它就会返回。
它在新控制台中启动当前正在运行的 .jar 文件并退出。
如何使用：
创建 Java 控制台应用程序。
创建类文件 AutoRunFromConsole 并将以下代码粘贴到 package 语句下，替换所有内容。
作为主方法中的第一个语句，执行 AutoRunFromConsole.runYourselfInConsole(true); （如果您希望控制台在应用程序结束后关闭，则为 false）。
怎么运行的：
确定正在运行的 Java 应用程序的 .jar 文件名，并检查该文件是否确实存在于当前目录中以及它是否确实是一个文件。
如果这不起作用，我们必须在 IDE 中，因此要有一个控制台。这应该是可靠的，但还有一种替代方法：对（重载）方法的不同调用允许您移交主方法的命令行参数。如果第一个参数是“ide”（忽略大小写），则该方法仅返回。当使用另一个调用时，如果无法确定可执行文件名称（您甚至可以为此提供后备。），则会显示一条消息（见下文）。
检查 System.console() 是否返回 null。如果没有，它就会返回。
根据操作系统确定命令行字符串（目前仅适用于 WINDOWS，但您只需填写空白），然后使用 Runtime.getRuntime().exec(); 执行它。如果尚不支持操作系统，则会显示一个消息窗口，指出该程序需要从控制台运行，包括。语法。
如果您有改进（特别是适用于其他系统的命令行字符串），请告诉我。
import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.CodeSource;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Created by Reddit user king_of_the_universe / StackOverflow user Dreamspace President / dreamspace-president.com
* <p>
* v[(2), 2015-11-13 13:00 UTC]
* <p>
* One static method call will start a new instance of *THIS* application in the console and will EXIT the current
* instance. SO FAR ONLY WORKS ON WINDOWS! Users of other systems need to assist here. The methods are all in place.
*/
final public class AutoRunFromConsole {
final private static String FAILMESSAGE_TITLE = "Please run in console.";
final private static String FAILMESSAGE_BODY = "This application must be run in the console (or \"command box\").\n\nIn there, you have to type:\n\njava -jar nameofprogram.jar";
private static void showFailMessageAndExit() {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, FAILMESSAGE_BODY, FAILMESSAGE_TITLE, JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
System.exit(0);
}
private enum OSType {
UNDETERMINED, WINDOWS, LINUX, MACOS
}
private static OSType getOsType() {
// final String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
// final String osVersion = System.getProperty("os.version");
// final String osArchitecture = System.getProperty("os.arch");
// System.out.println("\n\nOSNAME: " + osName);
// System.out.println("\n\nOSVERSION: " + osVersion);
// System.out.println("\n\nOSARCHITECTURE: " + osArchitecture);
final String osName = System.getProperty("os.name", "").toLowerCase();
if (osName.startsWith("windows")) {
return OSType.WINDOWS;
} else if (osName.startsWith("linux")) {
return OSType.LINUX;
} else if (osName.startsWith("mac os") || osName.startsWith("macos") || osName.startsWith("darwin")) {
return OSType.MACOS;
}
return OSType.UNDETERMINED;
}
/**
* Checks if the program is currently running in console, and if not, starts the program from console and EXITS this
* instance of the program. Should be (one of) the first calls in your program.
* <p>
* This is the less safe variant of the method: To check if you're currently in the IDE, it just tries to find the
* executable name and if it exists in the current path. This should word perfectly at all times in IntelliJ - I
* don't know what values getExecutableName() returns inside Eclipse, but I suspect it will work just as well.
* <p>
* It's also less safe because you can't give a fallback executable name, but I believe it should do the trick in
* all situations.
* <p>
* If this is used on a system other than Windows, a message box is shown telling the user to start the program from
* the console. BECAUSE I DON'T KNOW HOW TO OPEN A CONSOLE ON OTHER SYSTEMS. SEE startExecutableInConsole();
*/
public static void runYourselfInConsole(final boolean stayOpenAfterEnd) {
runYourselfInConsole(false, stayOpenAfterEnd, null, null);
}
/**
* Checks if the program is currently running in console, and if not, starts the program from console and EXITS this
* instance of the program. Should be (one of) the first calls in your program.
* <p>
* This is the safer variant of the method: The first command line argument GIVEN BY THE IDE'S RUN CONFIGURATION
* should be "ide" (Case is ignored.), which this method will use to determine if it's running from the IDE.
* <p>
* It is also safer because you can give a fallback executable name in case getExecutableName() could not determine
* it.
* <p>
* Ultimately, it is safer because if the executable could not be determined, it shows a message box telling the
* user to start the program from the console.
* <p>
* You will probably never make use of this variant. It's meant to be a solution if all else seems to fail (e.g.
* customer calls and you need a quick fix).
* <p>
* If this is used on a system other than Windows, a message box is shown telling the user to start the program from
* the console. BECAUSE I DON'T KNOW HOW TO OPEN A CONSOLE ON OTHER SYSTEMS. SEE startExecutableInConsole();
*
* @param psvmArguments The arguments given to the main method.
* @param fallbackExecutableName Can be null. In case getExecutableName() can't determine the proper name, the
* fallback is used.
*/
public static void runYourselfInConsole(final String[] psvmArguments, final String fallbackExecutableName, final boolean stayOpenAfterEnd) {
runYourselfInConsole(true, stayOpenAfterEnd, psvmArguments, fallbackExecutableName);
}
/**
* see the other two methods
*/
private static void runYourselfInConsole(final boolean useSaferApproach, final boolean stayOpenAfterEnd, final String[] psvmArguments, final String fallbackExecutableName) {
String executableName = getExecutableName(fallbackExecutableName);
if (useSaferApproach) {
if (isRunFromIDE(psvmArguments)) {
return;
}
} else {
if (executableName == null) {
// Running from IDE.
return;
}
}
if (isRunningInConsole()) {
return;
}
if (executableName == null) {
showFailMessageAndExit();
}
startExecutableInConsole(executableName, stayOpenAfterEnd);
System.exit(0);
}
/**
* Opens a console window and starts the Java executable there.
* <p>
* If this is used on a system other than Windows, a message box is shown telling the user to start the program from
* the console. BECAUSE I DON'T KNOW HOW TO OPEN A CONSOLE ON OTHER SYSTEMS.
*
* @param executableName the full file name of the executable (without path)
* @param stayOpenAfterEnd If true (and if someone can figure out the necessary parameters for other systems than
* Windows), the console will not close once the executable has terminated. This is useful
* e.g. if you want to give some kind of bye bye message because you actually assumed that
* people start the program from console manually.
*/
private static void startExecutableInConsole(final String executableName, final boolean stayOpenAfterEnd) {
String launchString = null;
switch (getOsType()) {
case UNDETERMINED:
break;
case WINDOWS:
if (stayOpenAfterEnd) {
launchString = "cmd /c start cmd /k java -jar \"" + executableName+"\""; // No, using /k directly here DOES NOT do the trick.
} else {
launchString = "cmd /c start java -jar \"" + executableName+"\"";
}
break;
case LINUX:
break;
case MACOS:
// launchString="/usr/bin/open -a Terminal /path/to/the/executable";
break;
}
if (launchString == null) {
showFailMessageAndExit();
}
try {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(launchString);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @param args the args as given to PSVM
* @return whether the first command line argument was "ide" (ignoring case). Don't forget to change your IDE's run
* configuration accordingly.
*/
private static boolean isRunFromIDE(final String[] args) {
return args != null && args.length > 0 && args[0].equalsIgnoreCase("ide");
}
/**
* @return if System.console() is available. DOES NOT WORK properly from IDE, will return false then even though it
* should be true. Use isRunFromIDE or other means additionally.
*/
private static boolean isRunningInConsole() {
return System.console() != null;
}
/**
* @param fallbackExecutableName Can be null. In the very unlikely case this method can't determine the executable,
* the fallback will also be checked. But if the fallback also doesn't exist AS A FILE
* in the CURRENT path, null will be returned regardless, even if you're sure that
* your fallback should be correct.
* @return the name of the running jar file, OR NULL if it could not be determined (which should be a certainty
* while in IDE, hence can be abused for determining that).
*/
public static String getExecutableName(final String fallbackExecutableName) {
// APPROACH 1 - THE ONE EVERYBODY ON STACKOVERFLOW IS REPEATING
String executableNameFromClass = null;
final CodeSource codeSource = AutoRunFromConsole.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource();
if (codeSource == null) {
System.err.println("UNEXPECTED: Main.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource() returned null");
} else {
final String path = codeSource.getLocation().getPath();
if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) {
System.err.println("UNEXPECTED: codeSource.getLocation().getPath() returned null or empty");
} else {
executableNameFromClass = new File(path).getName();
}
}
// APPROACH 2 - QUERY SYSTEM PROPERTIES
final Properties properties = System.getProperties();
final String executableNameFromJavaClassPathProperty = properties.getProperty("java.class.path");
final String executableNameFromSunJavaCommandProperty = properties.getProperty("sun.java.command");
// System.out.println("\n\nexecutableNameFromClass:\n" + executableNameFromClass);
// System.out.println("\n\nexecutableNameFromJavaClassPathProperty:\n" + executableNameFromJavaClassPathProperty);
// System.out.println("\n\nexecutableNameFromSunJavaCommandProperty:\n" + executableNameFromSunJavaCommandProperty);
// System.out.println("\n\nfallbackExecutableName:\n" + fallbackExecutableName);
if (isThisProbablyTheExecutable(executableNameFromClass)) {
return executableNameFromClass;
}
if (isThisProbablyTheExecutable(executableNameFromJavaClassPathProperty)) {
return executableNameFromJavaClassPathProperty;
}
if (isThisProbablyTheExecutable(executableNameFromSunJavaCommandProperty)) {
return executableNameFromSunJavaCommandProperty;
}
if (isThisProbablyTheExecutable(fallbackExecutableName)) {
return fallbackExecutableName;
}
return null;
}
/**
* @param candidateName suspected name of the running java executable
* @return if name is not null, ends with ".jar" (Case is ignored.), and points to a FILE existing in the CURRENT
* directory.
*/
private static boolean isThisProbablyTheExecutable(final String candidateName) {
if (candidateName == null || !candidateName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".jar")) {
return false;
}
final File file = new File(candidateName);
return file.exists() && file.isFile();
}
public static void main(final String[] args) {
AutoRunFromConsole.runYourselfInConsole(true);
printEnvironmentInfo();
}
/**
* for debugging purposes
*/
public static void printEnvironmentInfo() {
System.out.println("\n\n\n\n-------------------------- System.getProperties() --------------------------");
final Properties properties = System.getProperties();
for (final Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry : properties.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry);
}
System.out.println("\n\n\n\n----------------------------- System.getenv() ------------------------------");
final Map<String, String> env = System.getenv();
for (final Map.Entry<String, String> entry : env.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry);
}
System.out.print("\n\n\n\n");
}
}
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