Python line_profiler代码示例

Question

我试图弄清楚如何运行Python的line_profiler来逐行执行这个问题的答案中给出的格式.

我安装了模块并调用它的LineProfiler对象如下所示,但我得到的输出只是一次,而不是逐行汇总.

有任何想法吗？此外,我如何获得numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]任何功能之外的线路的时间？

from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random

def do_stuff(numbers):

    s = sum(numbers)
    l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
profile = LineProfiler(do_stuff(numbers))
profile.print_stats()
[] Timer unit: 3.20721e-07 s

Answer 1

该line_profiler试验例(关于发现的GitHub)对如何从一个Python脚本内生成描述文件数据的一例.您必须包装要分析的函数,然后调用包装器传递任何所需的函数参数.

from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random

def do_stuff(numbers):
    s = sum(numbers)
    l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()

输出:

Timer unit: 1e-06 s

Total time: 0.000649 s
File: <ipython-input-2-2e060b054fea>
Function: do_stuff at line 4

Line #      Hits         Time  Per Hit   % Time  Line Contents
==============================================================
     4                                           def do_stuff(numbers):
     5         1           10     10.0      1.5      s = sum(numbers)
     6         1          186    186.0     28.7      l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
     7         1          453    453.0     69.8      m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

向配置文件添加附加功能

此外,您还可以添加要分析的其他功能.例如,如果您有第二个被调用函数并且只包装调用函数,则只能看到调用函数的配置文件结果.

from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random

def do_other_stuff(numbers):
    s = sum(numbers)

def do_stuff(numbers):
    do_other_stuff(numbers)
    l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()

以上只会为调用函数生成以下配置文件输出:

Timer unit: 1e-06 s

Total time: 0.000773 s
File: <ipython-input-3-ec0394d0a501>
Function: do_stuff at line 7

Line #      Hits         Time  Per Hit   % Time  Line Contents
==============================================================
     7                                           def do_stuff(numbers):
     8         1           11     11.0      1.4      do_other_stuff(numbers)
     9         1          236    236.0     30.5      l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    10         1          526    526.0     68.0      m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

在这种情况下,您可以将其他被调用函数添加到配置文件中,如下所示:

from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random

def do_other_stuff(numbers):
    s = sum(numbers)

def do_stuff(numbers):
    do_other_stuff(numbers)
    l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp.add_function(do_other_stuff)   # add additional function to profile
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()

输出:

Timer unit: 1e-06 s

Total time: 9e-06 s
File: <ipython-input-4-dae73707787c>
Function: do_other_stuff at line 4

Line #      Hits         Time  Per Hit   % Time  Line Contents
==============================================================
     4                                           def do_other_stuff(numbers):
     5         1            9      9.0    100.0      s = sum(numbers)

Total time: 0.000694 s
File: <ipython-input-4-dae73707787c>
Function: do_stuff at line 7

Line #      Hits         Time  Per Hit   % Time  Line Contents
==============================================================
     7                                           def do_stuff(numbers):
     8         1           12     12.0      1.7      do_other_stuff(numbers)
     9         1          208    208.0     30.0      l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
    10         1          474    474.0     68.3      m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]

注意:以这种方式向配置文件添加功能不需要更改配置文件代码(即,不需要添加@profile装饰器).

Answer 2

如文档中所述：

在脚本中，您可以使用@profile装饰要配置的任何函数

您想装饰您的do_stuff功能，@profile然后运行

kernprof.py -v -l script_to_profile.py

将带注释的输出打印到终端。该配置文件也将被写入script_to_profile.py.lprof，您可以稍后使用以下命令重新创建输出

python -m line_profiler script_to_profile.py.lprof