PyQt:以编程方式创建QT小部件

Question

有些时候需要创建尽可能多的小部件(例如QtGui.QLineEdit()),因为列表中有值(我们不知道列表变量中存储了多少个值).我可以创建一个循环函数来运行多次,因为存储在列表中的值...例如:

for each in myList:
    myLineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit("myLineEdit")

像这样的方法的问题是,每个循环都声明了相同的变量名.稍后将无法访问myLineEdit变量.我听说有些人使用eval()成功了吗？还是exec()？功能.看一个例子会很有趣.如果有其他方法可以做到,请发布.以下是开始时的示例代码(如果您愿意):

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__()

        mainQWidget = QtGui.QWidget()
        mainLayout=QtGui.QVBoxLayout()

        for i in range(5):
            exec( 'myGroupBox'+str(i)+'= QtGui.QGroupBox() ' )
            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+' = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()' )       

            exec( 'label'+str(i)+'=QtGui.QLabel("Name '+str(i)+': ")' )
            exec( 'self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+'=QtGui.QLineEdit()' )

            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+'.addWidget(label'+str(i)+')' )
            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+'.addWidget(self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+', QtCore.Qt.AlignRight)' )

            exec( 'myGroupBox'+str(i)+'.setLayout(myLayout'+str(i)+')' )
            exec( 'mainLayout.addWidget(myGroupBox'+str(i)+')' )

        mainQWidget.setLayout(mainLayout)        
        self.setCentralWidget(mainQWidget) 

window = MainWindow()
window.show()
window.resize(480,320)
sys.exit(app.exec_())

另一个例子:

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import random
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, argList):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
        self.argList=argList

        mainQWidget = QtGui.QWidget()
        mainLayout=QtGui.QVBoxLayout()

        for i in range(len(self.argList)):
            exec( 'myGroupBox'+str(i)+'= QtGui.QGroupBox() ' )
            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+' = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()' )                   

            exec( 'label'+str(i)+'=QtGui.QLabel("Name '+str(self.argList[i])+': ")' )
            exec( 'label'+str(i)+'.setFixedWidth(100)' )
            exec( 'self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+'=QtGui.QLineEdit()' )
            exec( 'self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+'.setText("'+str(random.random())+'")' )


            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+'.addWidget(label'+str(i)+')' )
            exec( 'myLayout'+str(i)+'.addWidget(self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+', QtCore.Qt.AlignRight)' )

            exec( 'myGroupBox'+str(i)+'.setLayout(myLayout'+str(i)+')' )
            exec( 'mainLayout.addWidget(myGroupBox'+str(i)+')' )

        ButtonBox = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        ButtonsLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()

        Button_01 = QtGui.QPushButton("Close")
        Button_01.clicked.connect(self.close)

        Button_02 = QtGui.QPushButton("Print")
        Button_02.clicked.connect(self.printOut)

        ButtonsLayout.addWidget(Button_01)
        ButtonsLayout.addWidget(Button_02)

        ButtonBox.setLayout(ButtonsLayout)
        mainLayout.addWidget(ButtonBox)

        mainQWidget.setLayout(mainLayout)
        self.setCentralWidget(mainQWidget)


    def printOut(self):
        for i in range(len(self.argList)):
            exec( 'print self.myLineEdit'+str(i)+'.text()' )
    def close(self):
        sys.exit()


myList=['One','Two','Tree','Four','Five','Six','Seven']
window = MainWindow(myList)
window.show()
window.resize(480,320)
sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 1

处理这种情况的一种简单方法是使用列表:

lineEdits = []
for _ in range(5):
    myLineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit("myLineEdit")
    lineEdits.append(myLineEdit)

myLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
for lineEdit in lineEdits:
    myLayout.addWidget(lineEdit)

或者,您可以使用字典,如果您以后想要通过键引用窗口小部件:

lineEdits = {}
for i in range(5):
    myLineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit("myLineEdit")
    lineEdits[i] = myLineEdit

lineEdits[3].setText("My new text")