使用2个变量将数据框从宽变换为长

Question

我有以下宽数据框(mydf.wide):

DAY JAN F1  FEB F2  MAR F3  APR F4  MAY F5  JUN F6  JUL F7  AUG F8  SEP F9  OCT F10 NOV F11 DEC F12
1   169 0   296 0   1095    0   599 0   1361    0   1746    0   2411    0   2516    0   1614    0   908 0   488 0   209 0
2   193 0   554 0   1085    0   1820    0   1723    0   2787    0   2548    0   1402    0   1633    0   897 0   411 0   250 0
3   246 0   533 0   1111    0   1817    0   2238    0   2747    0   1575    0   1912    0   705 0   813 0   156 0   164 0
4   222 0   547 0   1125    0   1789    0   2181    0   2309    0   1569    0   1798    0   1463    0   878 0   241 0   230 0

我想生产以下"半长":

DAY variable_month value_month value_F
1 JAN 169 0

我试过了:

library(reshape2)
mydf.long <- melt(mydf.wide, id.vars=c("YEAR","DAY"), measure.vars=c("JAN","FEB","MAR","APR","MAY","JUN","JUL","AUG","SEP","OCT","NOV","DEC"))

但这跳过F变量,我不知道如何处理两个变量......

Answer 1

这是reshape(...)基础R中更好的选择之一.

months    <- c(2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24)   # column numbers of months
F         <- c(3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25)   # column numbers of Fn
mydf.long <- reshape(mydf.wide,idvar=1,
             times=colnames(mydf.wide)[months],
             varying=list(months,F),
             v.names=c("value_month","value_F"),
             direction="long")
colnames(mydf.long)[2] <- "variable_month"
head(mydf.long)
#       DAY variable_month value_month value_F
# 1.JAN   1            JAN         169       0
# 2.JAN   2            JAN         193       0
# 3.JAN   3            JAN         246       0
# 4.JAN   4            JAN         222       0
# 1.FEB   1            FEB         296       0
# 2.FEB   2            FEB         554       0

您也可以通过2次通话来完成此操作 melt(...)

library(reshape2)
months    <- c(2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24)   # column numbers of months
F         <- c(3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25)   # column numbers of Fn
z.1 <- melt(mydf.wide,id=1,measure=months,
            variable.name="variable_month",value.name="value_month")
z.2 <- melt(mydf.wide,id=1,measure=F,value.name="value_F")
mydf.long <- cbind(z.1,value_F=z.2$value_F)
head(mydf.long)
#   DAY variable_month value_month z.2$value_F
# 1   1            JAN         169           0
# 2   2            JAN         193           0
# 3   3            JAN         246           0
# 4   4            JAN         222           0
# 5   1            FEB         296           0
# 6   2            FEB         554           0